Ifoto nguJason Kempin / Getty Izithombe Eyaziwa njengegolide engamanzi, iVelveeta yibhloko e-orenji etyheli eqaqambileyo enetyiwa, nencasa emnandi (ubuncinci ukuya kwezinye) kwiishelufa zevenkile zokutya. Isebenza ngeenjongo ezininzi, ekusebenzeni njenge-sosi eshushu egudileyo kunye ne-creamy eyenziwe ngokwenza i-mac kunye netshizi ukuya kubuhle be-gooey ngaphakathi kwesandwich yesonka eyosiweyo. Ikwayisiseko seediphu ezininzi ezenziwa kumatheko nakwiindibano zentlalo. Nokuba bebanga kangakanani na, bambalwa abanokumelana nesitya apho IVelveeta yinkwenkwezi yomboniso.
Kodwa kwenzeka njani ukuba iVelveeta ibe kutheni ngamanye amaxesha iphikisana kangaka? Ngoku ka Ukucoca , UVelveeta wayeyingqondo yeNkampani yeMonroe Cheese. Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1900, umvelisi wamasi wayengathandi ukuphosa nje iivili zeshizi zaseSwitzerland ezazaphukile ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa okanye zaphela zigqibile. Nokuba amavili aseSwitzerland ayenzelwanga ukuba abe sisangqa esifanelekileyo, ayesadliwa. Ukuphosa ukutya okuhle ngokugqibeleleyo kwakubonakala njengenkunkuma enkulu.
Inkampani yacela uEmil Frey, ummi waseSwitzerland, ukuba ancede. UFrey wafumanisa ukuba iziqwenga zamasi zinganyibilika kunye noncedo lwamavili kwaye ziphinde zisetyenziswe njengemveliso entsha enokungqinelana. Ukuthengiswa kwasekuqaleni phantsi kwegama leVelveeta njengenkampani ezimeleyo yaseNew York, ii-bits ezigcinwe ngokutsha zaqala ukubetha xa uKraft ethenga inkampani ngo-1927.
eyona sandwich yokufika kuloliwe ongaphantsi
Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwayo, iVelveeta iba yinto ephambili ekhitshini ethandekayo kwaye ichaswa ngokulinganayo. Nantsi indlela eyenziwe ngayo iVelveeta.
Imbali yeVelveeta
Wikimedia Commons Ngoku ka Ngaphakathi , U-JL Kraft, uvulindlela we-Kraft Foods, wayedlala ngokunyibilika kwaye abumba kwakhona iziqhekeza zeshizi ezilahliweyo ngaphambi kokuba eze nenani leentshizi ezigqityiweyo eziye ekugqibeleni zaba yi-Kraft American Cheese, umzala osondeleyo ku-Velveeta. Oosokhemisti bokutya bafumanise ukuba ekuphela kwento ekufuneka beyenzile kukusila ukutya okushiyekileyo kunye namaqhekeza aneziphene kwaye bongeze i-emulsifier yokubopha iziqwenga. Ifumene igama leVelveeta kuba imveliso egqityiweyo yayigqibelele, ivelvet.
I-Velveeta iwela phantsi kohlelo lweshizi egqityiweyo, ngokukaMichael Tunick usomachiza wophando kunye neSebe lezoLimo laseMelika. Inzululwazi yeTshizi . NgeTunick kunye Ngaphakathi , Ukubiza itshizi egqityiweyo eyenziwe ngeshizi 'kuthetha ukuba ngumxube wamasi amdaka kunye nalawo amatsha agcwaliswe aba yimveliso enye. Ulawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweeDrug lunemigaqo ethile ngokubhekisele kwinto enokuthi ibhalwe njenge-pasteurized processed cheese esasazwayo okanye ukutya okwenziwe ngeshizi okwenziwe ngepasta. Abavelisi, ke ngoko, kufuneka balandele izikhokelo ezingqongqo kumanqatha nakumxholo wokufuma kwaye kufuneka bakwazi ukuvelisa imveliso enyibilika kumaqondo athile obushushu. UTunick ngokwakhe uvumile ukuba iVelveeta yinto aza kuyitya, kodwa 'ayizukufana nqwa netshizi yesiqhelo yendalo.'
Yenziwe njani iVelveeta ngokuchanekileyo?
Twitter Iindidi zeeshizi ezinombala o-orenji zazisetyenziswa ekuqaleni ukudibanisa isilayidi esixande seVelveeta, nangona inkqubo sele itshintshile. Sebenzisa oomatshini abakhethekileyo, njenge Ngaphakathi iingxelo, iziqwengana zamasi cheesies ezazisele zazicolekile zaze zangamaqhekeza amancinci, emva koko i-emulsifier eyenzelwe ukuzinzisa i-emulsions yongezwa kumxube. I-emulsion kukusasazeka okanye umxube wamanzi amabini awanakudlala kakuhle kunye, njengeoyile kunye namanzi. 'Ezi zinto zilulwelo zinokudityaniswa kunye nokunyanzelwa, njenge-whisk eqinileyo okanye i-homogenizer,' Ukutya kuyawa iingxelo.
Owona mzekelo uqhelekileyo we-emulsion yeyamanzi kunye neeoyile, ezinje iviniga neoli yomnquma. Banokudityaniswa ngesandla, kodwa xa isenzo siyekile, abo bachasayo baya kwahlula kwakhona. Ngelixa kukho i-emulsifiers ezimbalwa ezisetyenzisiweyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ukutya, eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya izikhupha zamaqanda, iiproteni zamaqanda, i-mono- kunye ne-diglycerides, ii-esters ezinamafutha acid, kunye neepolysorbates.
Ngoku, yindlela uVelveeta awayeqhele ukwenziwa ngayo, eneemulsifiers kunye namaqhekeza eshizi angasetyenziswanga, kodwa ezo ayizizo izithako ezisetyenzisiweyo kwakhona. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokuvelisa iVelveeta itshintshile ngokuhamba kwexesha, ezinye izinto ezininzi kuye kwafuneka zitshintshe nayo. Oku kubandakanya uhlaziyo olusemthethweni, olufana nendlela iU.S.Ukutya kunye noLawulo lweeDrug ezihlela ngayo iimveliso zeshizi ezinje ngeVelveeta, ngoku 'yimveliso yeresi yesonka' ( Isidlo semihla ngemihla ).
Yintoni kanye kanye eVelveeta ngoku?
Youtube UKraft uchaze iVelveeta njengonako ukunyibilika kubume 'obugudileyo nobukhrim kwisibheno sokugqibela,' kumagama aqaqambileyo okuthengisa (nge Igunya lezinto eziphilayo ). Iyancibilika kakuhle kwaye ingcono kunesonka esiqhelekileyo kuba, ayisiyiyo itshizi yokwenyani. Ngokuqinisekileyo ijongeka ngathi sisi kwaye inokusebenza njengechizi kwezinye izinto, kodwa kunjalo ayisiyonto yokwenyani .
Njengoko isondela kwiminyaka yayo yokuzalwa eyi-100, iVelveeta yenziwe ngoku ngeprotey concentrate kunye neprotein yobisi. Uluhlu olusemthethweni lwezithako njengoko kuchaziwe Igunya lezinto eziphilayo kubandakanya ubisi, amanzi, i-whey, i-protein protein concentrate, i-milkfat, i-whey protein ye-protein, kunye ne-sodium phosphate. IVelveeta iqulethe iipesenti ezimbini okanye ngaphantsi ityuwa , calcium phosphate, lactic acid, sorbic acid, sodium citrate, sodium alginate, enzyme, apocarotenal, annatto, itshizi inkcubeko.
Uluhlu lwezithako ezininzi zeeshizi, ngokuchaseneyo, lubisi nje, i-rennet kunye netyuwa. Uyawubona umohluko? Igunya lezinto eziphilayo ithi i-whey ayongezwa kwiitshizi ezifanelekileyo, kuba i-whey kufuneka ivele iveliswe ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa kwesonka ngokwesiqhelo. Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba itshizi yokwenyani ihlala igcinwe kwicandelo lefriji kwaye ingekho kwishelufa. Ngelixa iifayile ze USDA Qaphela ukuba ayizizo zonke iitshizi ekufuneka zifrijiwe, le iseyinkcukacha ebalulekileyo. Kodwa ekugqibeleni, iVelveeta isathathelwa ingqalelo imnandi kakhulu ngumkhosi wayo wabalandeli ngaphandle koluhlu lwezithako.
Isodium citrate idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwenzeni iVelveeta
Ukutya kwetshizi okunje ngeVelveeta ngekhe kube yile nto iyiyo namhlanje ngaphandle kwesodium citrate, into eyafunyanwa yaguqula itshizi kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngoku ka Fumanisa , Oososayensi baseSwitzerland kunye nabatyali bokutya uWalter Gerber kunye noFritz Stettler baqala ukukrola kunye nokunyibilikisa i-Emmentaler, itshizi etyheli, naphakathi nendawo eqinileyo eyathiywa ngedolophu yaseSwitzerland apho yaveliswa khona, kwaye bayongeza kwisobho.
Xa ezi zinto zimbini zidibene, amanqatha adada aya ngaphezulu kulwelo kwaye enza umaleko weoyile ongathandekiyo nongathandekiyo ngaphezulu. Kodwa, xa uGerber noStettler bongeza i-sodium citrate kumxube, amanqatha ahlala ebekiwe. Emva koko banokunyibilika kwaye bapholise imveliso yetshizi ebangelwe kwifom abanokuthi bayicande.
Ngaba u-mario usahlafuna
Ke, yintoni kanye kanye enento yokwenza nesodium citrate ngayo yonke le nto? Ngokusisiseko, i-sodium citrate ithatha indawo yeion calcium kunye nee-sodium ions, ezenza ukuba iiproteni ze-casein ngaphakathi kweshizi zibambane kunye gusto encinci. Ezo bhondi zibuthathaka emva koko zikhokelela kwisiponji, ibhloko enje ngeshizi eyaziwa ngokuba yiVelveeta. Isodium citrate ikwenzeka ukuba inike esi siponji isonka setshizi ubomi bayo obumangalisayo.
UVelveeta wayekhe wanyuselwa njengezempilo
Ngoku ukuba uyazi ukuba yintoni yonke eyenziwayo ekwenzeni oko ubugwebe njengokucekisekayo okanye i-yummy Velveeta, ungothuka xa usazi ukuba kwakukhe kwathiwa kukutya okusempilweni? Ngenxa yokuba iproteyini esindayo isetyenziselwa ukwenza iVelveeta, uKraft wathengisa ibhloko etyheli eorenji enyibilikayo ngo-1958 njengezinto ezinokunceda usapho lonke olwaziyo ngempilo (nge Ingqondo Floss ).
UKUYA Intengiso yeTV emnyama nomhlophe Ukusukela ngelo xesha ichazwe iVelveeta njengogqibeleleyo ekubukeni abantu abadala, oomama abakhulelweyo, kwaye wanyuselwa 'njengolunge ngakumbi kulutsha', enkosi kwizithako ezinje ngeprotein, ikhalsiyam kunye nefosforasi kwimveliso. Emva phayaa ngowe-1931, Ingqondo Floss Ingxelo, nkqu noMbutho Wezonyango waseMelika wathi uVelveeta unazo 'zonke iimpawu zesondlo ukukhuthaza inyama eqinileyo.'
Kule mihla, nangona kunjalo, umntu unethemba lokuba sisekude ngakumbi xa kufikwa kumba wokugweba ukutya okusempilweni. Kwaye ukuba uziva ngathi uzikhuphile ngokwakho inyathelo lokutya ngokutya isitya esekwe kwiVelveeta okanye ukuphalaza kwi-cheesy Velveeta dip, ungasoloko uhamba ubaleka. Ngelixa usenza njalo, ungazihambisela kumculo owenziwe yifayile ye- 'Iibhanki zokugubungela ezingama-80 usuka ePennsylvania ubiziwe- yintoni enye into? -IVelveeta. Okanye cinga usuku otya ngalo into eyenziwe ngeVelveeta njengosuku lokukhohlisa.
IVelveeta ayinakubizwa ngokusemthethweni njengeshizi
Isazi-mlando samachizi kunye nomlobi uLaura Werlin ukholelwa ukuba ukwanda kweefektri zeshizi kwasekuqaleni kwimbali yeVelveeta- kwaye, ke ngoko, lonke olo khuphiswano lokwenza ushizi- inokuba yiyo loo nto amasondo aphukileyo kunye namavili angafanelekanga ekugqibeleni agcinwa ukuze enze iVelveeta. 'Ukuveliswa kwetshizi kwakukutsha, oko kuthetha ukuba kwenziwa kwinqanaba elincinci ngaphambili. Kwinqanaba elincinci, ukuba ulahlekelwa yinto encinci apha naphaya, isenempembelelo kuwe umlimi, kodwa xa uyibona isiya emgceni kwinqanaba elikhulu kwaye kukho yonke le nkunkuma iqokelelweyo, mhlawumbi kubonakala ngathi , 'Wow, siphulukana kakhulu apha kwaye lixesha lokuba sizame ukucinga ngento esinokuyenza ngayo, utshilo Iphephancwadi iSmithsonian .
Kodwa ngenxa yokuba uKraft wayitshintsha ifomula yakhe ekusebenziseni i-cheese eshiyekileyo kunye namavili e-misshapen ushizi kwiikhemikhali kunye ne-whey, i-US FDA yathumela i-Kraft isaziso esibhaliweyo ukususa amagama athi 'ushizi usasazeka' kwiipakethe zayo. UKraft wayeyalelwe ukuba asebenzise into echanekileyo ngakumbi: imveliso yetsizi elungiselelwe (nge Igunya lezinto eziphilayo ).
Okwangoku, umnqweno kunye nokwenza lula kugcine iVelveeta ezishelfini kwivenkile yakho yasekuhlaleni. 'Njengenkcubeko sithambekele ekuthambekeni kukutya ebekukho-kwaye-kungalindeleka, kungatshintshi kwaye kungangqinelani,' utshilo uLaura Werlin Iphephancwadi iSmithsonian . 'Isonka samasi esilungisiweyo siyayilungela imali oyilwayo kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.'
IVelveeta ayinayo nayiphi na ikhalsiyam
Nangona iVelveeta iyimveliso yesonka samasi, ungaxhomekeki kuyo ukuze uhlangabeze iimfuno zekhalsiyam. Ngenkqubo esetyenziselwa ukwenza iVelveeta, inye nje idibana nje neepesenti ezili-13 zexabiso lemihla ngemihla lomntu kwicalcium. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhonza okufanayo kwe-cheddar ushizi kuqulethe iipesenti ezingama-20, nangona kuphezulu kwi-sodium njengamanye amaninzi amasi. Kodwa, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iVelveeta iqulethe i-lactose, iswekile yobisi, kuneshizi yendalo.
Ngoku ka Igunya lezinto eziphilayo , itshizi ayinayo i-lactose eninzi nangona yenziwe ngobisi. Kungenxa yokuba inkqubo yokwenza ishizi yendalo ikhuthaza ukukhula kwebhakteria kwaye isuse uninzi lwabadlali kwaye inceda ukuguqula ubisi lube sisi.
Kodwa kuba iVelveeta ayenziwanga njengezinye itshizi, ngakumbi itshizi yendalo, ichukumisa umthamo weepesenti ezingama-9.3 we-lactose. Okwangoku, itshizi yaseSwitzerland iqulethe iipesenti ezi-3.4, iRoquefort 2 yepesenti, kunye neStilton 0.8 yeepesenti ngokomthamo we-lactose. Okwangoku, ubisi lweenkomo luquka i-4.8 ukuya kwi-5.2 yeepesenti yelactose. Ke ngelixa usarhafa ngecephe emva kwecephe leqokobhe leVelveeta kunye netshizi emlonyeni wakho, ubuncinci unokuzicingela ngengcinga yokuba ubuncinci iqulethe ilactose, umzimba wakho oguqula ube ngamandla axabisekileyo, Isondlo seyogathi iingxelo. Ke kwakhona, yonke i-lactose yingxaki yokwenyani kubantu abangavumeliyo i-lactose, ekugqibeleni oko kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka uzenzele isigqibo sokuba iVelveeta iyifanele na.
ijinja ale isinceda njani isisu sakho
Abanye abantu bakhetha ukwenza iVelveeta yabo
Abantu abaninzi bayayithanda iVelveeta kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo, kodwa banokungazithandi izithako ezisetyenzisiweyo kwinkqubo yayo yokuvelisa. Ke, bakhetha ukwenza eyabo ikopi yenguqulo kodwa ngezithako ezimbalwa. Enye yezona zininzi usetyenziso oludumileyo Iikopi zeVelveeta okanye zeVelveeta zikwikhonkrithi exutywe neetamati kunye neetshilisi zeRo-Tel. Ngoku ka Ingqondo Floss Idiphu yayithandwa kakhulu nguMongameli uLyndon Johnson kunye nobomi bakhe Ngokuqinisekileyo uMongameli wokuqala I-Ladybird, kodwa ayizange ithandwe ngokwenyani de kube yinto yokuthengisa nge-canny ngo-2002 ibeka iRo-Tel kunye neVelveeta ecaleni kwevenkile.
Ukuba uza kwenza i-analog yakho yeVelveeta ekhaya, kuya kufuneka ufikelele kwisongezo esinokumangalisa. UkuTshinJoy.com Icacisa ukuba i-gelatin sisitshixo sokwenza iresiphi yeVelveeta eyenziweyo. 'I-Gelatin ibonelela nge-velvety texture, amandla okunyibilika kunye nokugcwalisa kwakhona, kwaye yonyusa umxholo weprotein,' UkuTshinJoy.com iingxelo. Ngaphandle kwesi sithako, kunokwenzeka ukuba iVelveeta yakho eyenziwe ekhaya ayizukuthelekisa nezinto zegama lebhrendi elithengiweyo.
Hayi, le iresiphi ayisiyontliziyo iphilileyo, kuba ifuna inani elifanelekileyo lamafutha agcweleyo ngohlobo lweshizi, ubisi kunye nekhrimu enzima. Okwangoku, kunyango olwenziwa ngamaxesha athile okanye i-snack yosuku lomdlalo, endaweni efanelekileyo yeVelveeta e-orenji e-orenji eqaqambileyo onokuthi ukhethe ngayo ngenye indlela.
Abapheki bathanda ukuphepha iimveliso zeshizi zeVelveeta
Ngenxa yobuninzi bezinto zokufakelwa ezifumaneka kwiVelveeta, iindawo zokutyela ezingakumbi nangakumbi ziyajikela ekusebenziseni itshizi eqhutyiweyo kwimenyu yazo. Ngokuhamba okumangalisayo, McDonald's ukhuphe i Isibhengezo sika-2018 iyayeka ukusebenzisa imibala yokufakelwa kunye nokulondolozwa iyonke, kubandakanywa izilayi zeshizi ezenziweyo. Endaweni yoko, ikhonkco lokutya elikhawulezileyo lithembise ukutshintshela 'kwitshizi yokwenyani yaseMelika' kusetyenziswa i-cheddar kunye ne-colby ngaphandle kokhuselo, imibala, okanye iifiller.
Umpheki u-Andy Jacobi uvumile ukuba itshizi elungisiweyo ayinandawo kwimenyu yokutya ehloniphayo. 'Zininzi kakhulu iitshizi ezithengisa kwimarike ngoku,' uxelele Vox . 'Kungathatha imizuzwana embalwa ixesha elide kwi-griddle ukuba inyibilike, kodwa kungenxa yokuba itshizi yokwenyani inemvakalo kunye nokungangqinelani okwenza ukuba incasa intsokothe, engenayo itshizi yaseMelika.'
UTia Keenan, ingcali yesonka samasi naye ekwenziwe udliwanondlebe naye Vox , wathi millennials, ingakumbi, andifuni kutya itshizi esele yenziwe akusekho. Bafuna itshizi yokwenyani yaseMelika endaweni yoko. 'Iitshizi ezigqityiweyo ezinje ngeKraft Singles [...] zenziwe ngeoyile ye-hydrogenated yemifuno, kwaye kukho zonke iintlobo zezithako apho ezingayenzi itshizi, yiyo loo nto ziyinyani ayivumelekanga ukuba ibize i-Kraft Singles cheese , ngokusemthethweni. ' Ngelixa izizukulwana ezidlulileyo bezikwazile ukuwushukumisa lo mbandela, kubonakala ngathi, ukuqala ngewaka leminyaka, izizukulwana ezizayo azinamdla kangako malunga neemveliso zeVelveeta kunye nezeeshizi.
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