Ngaba uyayithanda ishushu? Njengokwenyani, ngokwenene kushushu? Yonke usapho inenye, loo mntu ungacingi ukuba into ishushu ngokwaneleyo de imilomo iqale ukutshintsha umbala kwaye babile. Iipilisi ze-Chili azikho nje ngokushisa, nangona kunjalo. Ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo, zimalunga nokongeza incasa eyahlukileyo kokunye ukutya okuthandayo. Kukho umahluko, nangona kunjalo, phakathi kweepepile ezishushu kunye nepepper eziyingozi. Ngelixa kukho iipepile eziza kwenza i-curry yakho ibe yinto ekhethekileyo, kukwakho iipepile ezinokuthi zibe nezixhobo- oko kushushu kwinqanaba elitsha. Ezo pepper ziyingozi kakhulu ziipepile esithetha ngazo apha. Nantsi inyani engachazwanga yeepilisi ezishushu kakhulu kwihlabathi.
Ukutolika isikali seScoville
Akunakwenzeka ukuba uthethe ngepelepele eshushu ngaphandle kokuthetha ngesikali seScoville- indlela ubushushu beepepile abaliwe ngayo. Yadalwa ngo-1912 nguWilbur Scoville (nge Ihlabathi leChilli ), owayezingela indlela ethembekileyo yokulinganisa ubushushu. UScoville ugqibile ukuthatha isahlulo sepepile kwaye wayichitha emanzini eswekile. Isixa sokuxutywa esidingekayo ngaphambi kokuba ipepile ingabonakali kukulinganisa kweScoville.
Ke, masithathe ijalapeno. Oko kunenqanaba leScoville eliphakathi kwama-2500 nama-8000, okuthetha ukuba kufuneka lihlanjululwe amaxesha amaninzi ngaphambi kokuba ubushushu bepepile bungathathi cala kwisisombululo. Ngombono ongaphezulu, isidlo esiqwalaselwa njengomgangatho wokutyela ococekileyo ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-500 kunye ne-1000, ngelixa i-capsaicin emsulwa ikwisiphelo esiphakamileyo kwinqanaba lokulinganisa nge-15 ukuya kwi-16 yezigidi. Namhlanje, kukho enye indlela yesayensi yokumisela amanqaku eScoville, kwaye ngokwe Imbewu yePepper , yenziwe ngokusebenzisa i-chromatography ukulinganisa inani le-capsaicin emsulwa kwipepile.
Kutheni sitolika iipilisi ezishushu njengezishushu
Imifanekiso kaGetty Enye into ekufuneka sithethe ngayo yile iqhubekayo kwicala lethu lenxaki, kwaye I-BBC sijonge nje ukuba kutheni singcamla izinto njengezishushu nezinongwe. ICapsaicin isebenzise ii-receptors ngolwimi lwakho, ezifanayo ziqala ngentlungu. ICapsaicin yinto enesiphene, njengoko ingomnye wabavuseleli abambalwa abangawenziyo nawuphi na umonakalo, kodwa babeka ii-receptors.
i-ayisikhrim ayinyibilikisi
Izifundo zifumene ukuba ulwimi lwakho lubambelele kobu buqhinga buncinci, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe, ii-receptors ziyaqonda ukuba ukuvutha kwemvakalelo akuyiyo ingozi. Bayayeka ukuphendula, kwaye kuthiwa capsaicin desensitization. Ikwanxibelelana ngendlela engaqhelekanga ne-ethanol, etshintsha umqobo wokunyamezelana wobuntununtunu be-capsaicin. Yizame- yijalapeno enebhiya efudumeleyo. Iya kuba sisiqholo kunokuba ubusela ngebhiya ebandayo yomkhenkce. Kwaye okokugqibela, ukusabela kwe-capsaicin kwezi non-taste incasa yolwamnkelo sisizathu sokuba ungafuni ukugcoba amehlo emva kokuba usike iipepile- onke amalungu omzimba wakho aya kukwazisa ukuba ikapsaicin ikhona.
Umzi mveliso uphela uqalwe yindoda enye
Iipepile ezishushu bezisoloko zikho, kodwa kuyacaca ukuba kukho indoda enye onokuthi uyibulele ngokuyila yonke imveliso. NguDkt. Fabian Garcia, ingcali yezolimo evela IYunivesithi yaseNew Mexico State Iklasi yokuqala ngo-1894, ukongeza ekutyalweni kwemithi yokuqala ye-pecan ye-New Mexico, wazibeka emgangathweni ezinye iintlobo zepepile, esenza isiseko semfuza sepelepele yanamhlanje.
Ayisiyongxaki ukuba i-alma mater yakhe ngoku yindawo ye-Chile Pepper Institute, kwaye ngokuka-mlawuli uGqirha Paul Bosland (nge Ukuboniswa kwentlango ), UGarcia wakhupha ipepile yakhe eyimbalasane, iNew Mexico Mexico No. 9, ngo-1921. Phambi kwelo pepile, iipepile ezishushu zazingaphezulu kwesinongo - ngoku ziyimboni yezigidi zeedola.
Imibono kaGqirha Rothwell
Yindalo yomntu ukuzama ukwenza yonke into enkulu kwaye ibhetele kunomntu olandelayo, kwaye loo nto ayikhokelwanga kuphela ebantwini ekuzaleni ii-chilis ezishushu kunye nokwenza izitya ezishushu, kodwa nakubantu abazama ukutya ezo zitya. Ngo-2013, CNN ibhengezwe emva kokuba abantu abangaphezu kwama-300 bezamile kwaye basilela ukutya isitya se-curry esigcwele ii-infinity chilis ezingama-20, indoda enye ekugqibeleni yaphumelela.
WayenguGqirha Ian Rothwell, kwaye wakwazi ukugqiba yonke ipleyiti yekheri - isitya esishushu nabani na ophekayo kufuneka anxibe imaski yerhasi kunye nezinye izixhobo zokukhusela. Kwamthatha iyure, kwaye impumelelo yakhe siza kuyibeka ngendlela efanelekileyo kusetyenziswa isikali seScoville. Iwotshi ye-Sauce ebomvu yoqobo yaseTabasco phakathi kweeyunithi ezingama-2500 ukuya kwezingama-5000, ngelixa ichili enye ye-Infinity ikalwe phakathi kwe-1,200,000 ne-2 yezigidi. Uyazi, nika okanye uthathe. URothwell wayidla i-curry ngepeyinti yebhiya kuphela ukunceda, wahamba ngenyawo, waqalisa ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo. Umfazi wakhe wamfumana ebhadula ezitalatweni ngelixa enencoko ngesandla sakhe, kodwa intetho ye-pep kuyabonakala ukuba iyasebenza.
I-Dragon's Breath chili yayenzeke ngengozi
NgoMeyi 2017, Umnxeba uxele ngomlimi weziqhamo wase Welsh owayenze ngengozi isilili esitshisa kakhulu kwihlabathi (ngelo xesha). Bathi ebezama ukuza nongeno olutsha olucocekileyo lweChelsea Flower Show xa wayedala iDrake's Breath, eyayingena kwi-2.48 yezigidi kwisikali se-Scoville. (Nditsho nehabanero iphakathi kwe-100,000 kunye nama-350,000!)
Ipelepele kaMike Smith yatshintsha iCarolina Reaper phezulu kwesikali, kodwa uthi wayekhangela into entle kunaleyo ineziqholo. Uneziqholo, nangona kunjalo, kwaye ngokweengcali zeYunivesithi yaseNottingham Trent, kushushu kakhulu kunokusetyenziswa njengenye indlela yokubulala abantu abangakwaziyo ukusebenzisa amayeza emveli.
kwenzeka ntoni kupaan dean
Kushushu ngaphezu kwe-US Army-grade pepper spray (eyi-2 yezigidi kwisikali sethu se-Scoville), kwaye kwimo yesiqhelo yase-Bhritane, uSmith uthi 'utyhafile' ngenxa yendalo yakhe.
Uhlobo lwe-Ed Currie's pepper
I-Instagram nge @puckerbuttpeppercompany Xa kuziwa kwihlabathi lokukhula kunye nokuzala iipepile ezishushu, uSmokin 'Ed Currie uphezulu kuluhlu. Uyintloko yeNkampani yePuckerButt Pepper, umyili weCarolina Reaper, kwaye xa ebuzwa ukuba angacebisa umntu ukuba azame ukuyitya, utshilo (nge IiMunchies ), '[...] Andikukhuthazi konke konke. Kububudenge kwaye ndiyisidenge ukuyenza loo nto. ' Ufanisa uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo lweCarolina Reaper 'nokukhotha ilanga,' kwaye yile mbono.
KwiCurrie, kukho isizathu esibonakalayo sokwenza into eshushu ngendlela enganyamezelekiyo. Kwiinkampani ezixhomekeke kwi-chilis ukuba zinike imveliso yazo ukukhaba okungakumbi kobushushu, zinokuthenga iCarolina Reaper kwaye zisebenzise inani elincinci kakhulu leepepile ukucoca ibhetshi enobungakanani bemizi-mveliso. 'Kuthatha kuphela i-ounce yezinto zam xa kuthelekiswa neponti yomnye umntu ukuvelisa ubushushu obulinganayo,' utshilo uCurrie, kwaye ezoqoqosho zilumkile.
UCurrie uxelele Ixesha le-LA konke kwaqala xa wayefunda iphepha lobunzululwazi elicacisa ukuba iikhemikhali ezikwiipepile zinokunceda ukukhusela kuphuhliso lwesifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza, kwaye sesona sizathu esinokubangela ukuba sibuyele umva.
UPepper X uthathe iminyaka eli-10 yokuzalela ukuyila
Ukukunika umbono wokhuphiswano lwehlabathi lokuzalisa isilili, kwakungo-Meyi ka-2017 kuphela i-Dragon's Breath eyabhengezwa njengenja ephezulu. Ngo-Okthobha, u-Ed Currie wabhengeza ukuba uyile into eshushu ngakumbi, wayibiza ngokuba ngu Pepper X. Ngokuka Currie (kwaye Uyonwabisa ), le nkwenkwe intsha yelizwe le-chili ihlala malunga nezigidi eziyi-3.18 zeeyunithi zeScoville.
Ungayizama le, ukuba unesibindi ngokwaneleyo, kuba isetyenziswa kwisosi ebizwa ngokuba yiDab yokugqibela. (Ungayifumana kwi Heatonist indawo ). Ngawo onke ama-akhawunti abizwa ngokuchanekileyo, kuba isosi yodwa kuthiwa inenqanaba leScoville ejikeleze i-2.4 yezigidi (kulindwe isiqinisekiso).
Ngoku ka IFLScience! , Ipepper X yimveliso yokugqibela yeminyaka eli-10 yokuzalisa ngokukhethekileyo i-chilis ukwenza into eshushu engacingeki.
Isiporho somoya saseIndiya sisetyenziswa kwiziqhushumbisi
Isiporho sesiporho ayisiyiyo eyona pepper ishushu kwiplanethi ngokudubula okude- ubuncinci, akusekho njalo. Kodwa kushushu ngokuphindwe kabini kunokhuphiswano olusondeleyo- i-savina ebomvu yaseMexico- kwaye ihleli ngaphezulu nje kwesigidi seyunithi zeScoville. Ngo-2010, UMgcini uxele umkhosi wase-Indiya ujonge kwizixhobo zesiporho, kwaye bayenzile ngokupheleleyo. Ngoku ka ulandelelwano luka-2012 , Zonke iintlobo zezinto ezintle ziqale ukuvela kumbono wokusebenzisa i-ghost chilis njengesithako semfihlo kwiziqhushumbisi. Phakathi kwemfuno zomkhosi kunye neemfuno ezivela phesheya kolwandle, isiporho sesiporho asiboneleli nje kuphela ngokuxhasa amafama ase-Assam, kodwa yindlela yokunyuka kwintlupheko ethe yabetha le ndawo.
Ezi chilis zenza ukuba umntu abe sisithulu
Nge-Agasti ka-2017, indoda yenza into esisidenge. U-Ben Sumadiwiria utye ezinye 'ii-noodles zokufa', ezenziwe e-Indonesia kunye ne-100 Thai chilis. Ngokombono othile, nganye nganye iphakathi kwe-100,000 kunye ne-225,000 kwisikali seScoville (ngelixa iipoblanos ezaziwa kakhulu zingena phakathi kwe-1000 kunye ne-2000). USumadiwiria wanciphisa i-noodle emva koko wanamathela entloko phantsi kwamanzi abandayo emva kokungeva okwethutyana.
Ngaba le yinto ekufuneka ukhathazeke ngayo xa uphinda uzicel 'umngeni ngepelepele eshushu? NgokukaGqirha Michael Goldrich, iOtolaryngologist yaseRobert Wood Johnson Hospital (nge INzululwazi ), kunokwenzeka ukuba iindlebe zakhe zazivalwe okwethutyana yiyo yonke into eyayiveliswa ngumzimba wakhe ukuzama ukumelana nobushushu. Usihlalo weSebe lezeMpilo likaLoyola uGqirha uSam Marzo wayenenye ithiyori, kwaye oko kukuphulukana nokuva okubangelwe kukuvuseleleka okungaphezulu kwento eyenzekileyo ye-trigeminal nerve. Yiyo le nto inye ebangela ukuba abantu abane-migraine banentlungu engaka, kodwa uGoldrich uthi ukulahleka kokuva ayisiyonto inqabileyo kuphela, kodwa i-capsaicin ibonakalisiwe ukunceda ukukhusela iiseli ezifanayo kunye neenwele ezifumana amaza esandi. Yitya ke ... mhlawumbi hayi kakhulu, hayi ngokukhawuleza.
Banokuba yingozi… kodwa ngekhe bakubulale
Imifanekiso kaGetty Amabali eepepile ezishushu ziye kwintsholongwane, kunye nezilumkiso zokuba ukutya ezi pepper kunokuba yingozi. Ngoku ka IGizmodo , abatshabalalisi bathi izinto ezinje nge-anaphylactic shock kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla etshisiweyo balinda nabani na osisiyatha ngokwaneleyo ukuba angazama ukutya enye yezi pepper - kodwa ayiyonyani leyo. Ukuze usebenzise idosi ebulalayo ye-capsaicin, kuya kufuneka utye isiqingatha seponti yepepile yeBreak's ... kwaye akukho mntu uza kuyenza loo nto.
Oko akutsho ukuba akukho bungozi. Ngo-2016, Umnxeba uxele ngendoda ethathe inxaxheba kukhuphiswano lokutya isilili kwaye yafumana into eyibiza ngokuba 'kukuqhekeka okuzenzekelayo kokuqunjelwa,' nto leyo kanye evakala ngathi. Ngo-2011, i I-BBC uthe abo bakhuphisana nabo babezama ukuthatha inxaxheba kukhuphiswano lwe 'killer curry' baphelela esibhedlele. Kukho isifundo esibaluleke kakhulu malunga nokumodareyitha apho kwenye indawo.
Ipanga libonisa umgangatho wenkukhu
Kukho indawo enkulu yoluntu ethatha iipepile ezishushu kakhulu, kakhulu
Ke, ngaphandle kwezonyango, ezomkhosi, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemichiza kwezi pepper zishushu, ngubani ozama ukwenza ezona zibalulekileyo nezimbi? Kwaye, okona kubaluleke ngakumbi, ngubani ozityayo?
Kukho lonke uluntu ngaphandle apho luzaliswe ngabantu abazithatha njengabachwepheli be-pepper, i-pepperheads, okanye i-chiliheads. Nini IAtlantic bajonge ekuhlaleni ngo-2013, bafumanisa ukuba yayingeyondawo intle kakhulu ukuba kuyo. Ngaphandle komntu olawulayo-ngaphandle kwe-Guinness Book of World Records-bathi kukho itoni yokulwa, ukungakhathali, kunye namabango obuxoki enziwe kwilizwe lonke labalimi. Nditsho no-Ed Currie-ongazange azithathe njengenxalenye yoluntu-wayejolise kwintiyo enkulu kwi-intanethi, ukuya kuthi ga apho abanye kuye kwafuneka bamlumkise ukuba kuqhubeka ntoni emva kwakhe. UCurrie uneqela lezomthetho elikhoyo lokujongana nentiyo kunye neenzame zokufaka imali kwiipelepele zakhe, kwaye uyala ukuthumela nabani na imidumba yembewu. 'Abantu bahle kakhulu,' utshilo umbono oyoyikisayo wokunyanzelwa ukuba ube nawo.
