Iithagethi zeNqanaba leCholesterol
Iimvavanyo ezijonga i-cholesterol yakho iyonke kunye nezinye iilipids zegazi (amafutha) yiprofayili yelipid yokuzila. Ngokutsho kweAmerican Diabetes Association Standards of Medical Care for Diabetes-2013 abaninzi abantu abadala abanesifo seswekile kufuneka babe nolu vavanyo kanye ngonyaka. Iprofayili yelipid ilinganisa ezi zinto zintathu zilandelayo, kunye ne-cholesterol epheleleyo:
1. i-low-density lipoproteins, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-LDL (embi) i-cholesterol
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2. high-density lipoproteins, eyaziwa ngokuba HDL (good) cholesterol
3. i-triglycerides, amafutha avela ngokuyinhloko ekutyeni
Ungaphoswa: Isicwangciso seSidlo seSidlo seSidlo seNtsuku ezisi-7
1. LDL (Bad) Cholesterol
Ekujoliswe kuko: Ngaphantsi kwe-100 mg/dl*
Amanqanaba aphezulu e-LDL (ngaphezu kwe-160 mg / dl) anokubangela ukuba i-plaque buildup, ikhulise umngcipheko we-atherosclerosis, okanye ukuqina kwemithambo, enokubangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye ukubetha. Ukufumana iLDL yakho kwinqanaba lenjongo yeyona nto iphambili iNombolo yoku-1 yokuthintela okanye ukulibazisa isifo sentliziyo.
*Phawula: Kubantu abanesifo se-cardiovascular disease, injongo ephantsi ye-LDL ye-cholesterol engaphantsi kwe-70 mg / dl, efuna unyango lwe-statin, inconywa yi-American Diabetes Association (ADA).
2. I-HDL (elungileyo) iCholesterol
Ekujoliswe kuko ngamadoda: Enkulu kuno 40 mg/dl
Ekujoliswe kuko kwabasetyhini: Enkulu kuno-50 mg/dl
3. Triglycerides
Ekujoliswe kuko: Ngaphantsi kwe-150 mg/dl
Abantu abane-prediabetes kunye nohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile bavame ukuba namazinga aphantsi e-HDL cholesterol kunye namazinga aphezulu e-triglycerides.
Ukunciphisa umzimba kunokunciphisa i-Triglycerides kunye ne-LDL Cholesterol
Ayithathi ilahleko yobunzima obukhulu ukuthoba iLDL kunye namanqanaba e-triglyceride. I-5 kuphela kwiipounds ze-10 zingenza umehluko, uthi uJerry Blaine, MD, okhethekileyo ekulawuleni i-cholesterol, ukuphazamiseka kwe-lipid, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye neyeza lokuthintela, kubandakanywa ne-Lipid Clinic kwisibhedlele saseLahey kunye neZiko lezoNyango eBurlington, Massachusetts, ngaphambi kokuthatha umhlalaphantsi. 2013.
Kuyafana nakwi-triglycerides. Iikhalori ezininzi ozityayo kwaye ungatshisi, kokukhona ugcina ngakumbi, nto leyo inokukhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu e-triglyceride angaphezulu kunesiqhelo.
Ukongeza, kukho amanye amanyathelo asezantsi onokuthi uwathathe ukunciphisa i-cholesterol ye-LDL kunye ne-triglycerides:
-- Beka injongo yokulahlekelwa yi-5-10 yepesenti yobunzima bomzimba wakho. Ngokomzekelo, umntu omdala we-200-pounds uza kujolisa ukulahlekelwa iipounds eziyi-10-20. Nje ukuba ubunzima bususiwe, gcina indlela yakho yokuphila enempilo ukugcina ubunzima bakho obutsha.
-- Sika i-200-500 yeekhalori ngosuku ukusuka kwinani leekhalori ezithathayo ukugcina ubunzima bakho. Ukunciphisa i-caloric intake kuya kunciphisa zombini i-LDL kunye ne-triglycerides.
Khetha Ukutya Okukunceda Ukuphucula I-LDL Yakho kunye ne-HDL Amanqanaba
Ukulandela isicwangciso sokutya esinempilo kunokudlala indima enkulu kwimpilo yakho yonke, kubandakanywa iswekile yegazi kunye nokulawula i-lipid lipid. Into oyityayo kunye namanqanaba akho e-cholesterol ahamba kunye.
Ukutya okunokunceda ukunciphisa i-cholesterol:
Ifayibha (i-oats, iimbotyi, amaqunube), amafutha asempilweni (ioyile yomnquma, iiavokhado, amandongomane), kunye nezityalo ze stanols okanye iisterols (ezifumaneka ngomlinganiselo omncinci kwioli yemifuno, amandongomane, iimbotyi, iinkozo, iziqhamo, nemifuno kwaye nazo zongezwa ukutya) zonke zibonakaliswe ukunceda ukunciphisa i-cholesterol.
Ezinye iindlela zokuphucula i-cholesterol:
-- Nciphisa ukutya kweswekile: Sika inani leeswekile ezongeziweyo ozityayo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kubantu abane-triglycerides ephezulu. Iigram zeswekile kwileyibhile yeNutrition Facts yephakheji yokutya, nangona kunjalo, ayikuxeleli ukuba iiswekile zongeziweyo (ezinye zeeswekile ezibandakanyiweyo kuloo mali zingavela ngokwemvelo kwiziqhamo okanye izithako zobisi). Kunoko, jonga uluhlu lwezithako kwizinto ezifana noshukela, isiraphu yengqolowa, isiraphu yengqolowa ephezulu ye-fructose, i-molasses, isiraphu ye-maple, okanye i-agave ukuze ubone ukuba kukho iiswekile ezongezelelweyo kwimveliso. Iiswekile zendalo, ezifana nezo zifumaneka kwiziqhamo kunye neemveliso zobisi, nazo zibalwa njengeswekile kwileyibhile yeNutrition Facts. Nciphisa ukuba yingakanani iswekile oyisebenzisayo ukwenza iswekile iziselo okanye kwiiresiphi.
-- Nciphisa ukutya okune-cholesterol ephezulu: Abantu abanesifo seswekile akufanele batye ngaphezu kwe-200 milligrams ye-cholesterol ngosuku, ngokutsho kwe-ADA.
indlela efanelekileyo yokusebenzisa i-caner opener
Amafutha aphilileyo anokunceda ukunciphisa i-Cholesterol
Faka endaweni yamafutha angenampilo, afana namafutha ahluthisiweyo kunye ne-trans, ngamafutha e-monounsaturated kunye namafutha e-polyunsaturated atyebile kwi-omega-3 kunye ne-omega-6 fatty acids. Ukutya amaninzi e-omega-3 amafutha, faka intlanzi enamafutha, i-flaxseed okanye i-flax yomhlaba, kunye ne-walnuts kwisicwangciso sakho sokutya. Ioyile eziqulethe i-omega-3 yamafutha yiminquma kunye neoli ye-canola. I-ADA icebisa ukuba kutyiwe iiseshini ezimbini ze-omega-3-rich fish (i-salmon, i-trout, i-mackerel, i-herring, i-sardines, i-tuna) ngeveki njengenxalenye yokutya okunempilo kwentliziyo. Ioyile eziphezulu kumafutha e-omega-6 ngumbona, iimbotyi zesoya, namafutha kajongilanga.
Yitya kancinci kula mafutha angenampilo:
-- Amafutha ahluthayo: Oyena mnikelo mkhulu wokutya kwi-cholesterol ye-LDL ephezulu ngamafutha ahluthayo. Ukulungisa ubudlelwane besizathu-kunye-nesiphumo phakathi kwamafutha ahluthayo kunye ne-LDL, i-ADA incoma ukunciphisa ukutya okunamafutha angaphantsi kwe-7 ekhulwini yeekhalori zakho zemihla ngemihla. Ke ukuba uzama ukungatyi ngaphezulu kwama-2,000 eecalories ngemini, oko kuya kuthetha ukuba ungatyi ngaphezulu kwe-140 calories kumafutha ahluthayo yonke imihla, okanye i-15 grams yamafutha ahluthisiweyo.
Amafutha eTrans: I-ADA ikwacebisa ukuba ugweme ukutya okuqukethe i-trans fat. Nangona iindawo zokutyela ezininzi kunye nabavelisi bebhengeza iimveliso njenge-zero trans fat, ukuba izithako zibandakanya ukunciphisa, ioli yemifuno ene-hydrogenated, okanye i-oyile yemifuno ye-hydrogenated, ukutya okunokuthi kuqulethe i-trans fat. Iileyibhile ayidingeki ukuba idwelise i-trans fat ukuba iyonke ingaphantsi kwe-0.5 grams ngokuphakelayo. Ukutya ii-servings ezininzi zokutya okunjalo kuthetha ukuba i-trans-fat intake inokongeza.
Amayeza anokunciphisa i-LDL kunye ne-Triglycerides
Ukufumana i-cholesterol kunye ne-triglycerides kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo, abantu abaninzi abanesifo sikashukela kufuneka bongeze amayeza ekudleni kwabo okunempilo kunye nezicwangciso zokuzivocavoca. Ukunciphisa i-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL (embi) yeyona nto iphambili. Ukufezekisa iinjongo ekujoliswe kuzo, abantu abaninzi kufuneka bathathe iyeza kwicandelo le-statin.
I-American Diabetes Association icebisa ukuba unyango lwe-statin longezwe kubantu aba:
- umngcipheko ophantsi wesifo se-cardiovascular disease kunye ne-cholesterol ye-LDL ayibeki kwithagethi ye-100 mg / dl okanye ngaphantsi kunye nokutshintsha kwendlela yokuphila enempilo.
- isifo sentliziyo kunye nabangafikeleliyo kwithagethi ye-LDL ye-cholesterol engama-70 mg/dl okanye ngaphantsi.
Amayeza eStatin asebenza kakhulu ekwehliseni i-cholesterol ye-LDL. Onke amayeza kufuneka amiselwe kwaye abekwe iliso ngumboneleli wezempilo.
Iistatins eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- I-Crestor (i-rosuvastatin)
- Lipitor (atorvastatin)
- I-Mevacor (lovastatin)
- Zocor (simvastatin)
- Pravachol (pravastatin)
- Lescol (fluvastatin)
- Livalo (pitavastatin)
Amanye amayeza asezantsi zombini I-cholesterol ye-LDL kunye ne-triglycerides:
- Advicor (i-statin kunye ne-niacin combo)
- I-Vytorin (i-statin kunye ne-Zetia [ezetimibe] combo)
- I-Prescription-amandla e-niacin
Amanye amayeza amiselwe ukunciphisa i-cholesterol ye-LDL:
U-andrew stewart utshatile u-martha stewart
- I-Bile acid sequestrants, ezifana neQuestran (cholestyramine) okanye iColestid (colestipol)
- I-Welchol (colesevelam), i-bile acid sequestrant enokuthi ihlise iswekile yegazi
- Zetia (ezetimibe)
Amanye amayeza amiselwe ukunciphisa i-triglycerides:
- I-Prescription-amandla eepilisi ze-fish-oil
Amanye amayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi:
- Caduet (atorvastatin kunye amlodipine)
Amayeza afunyenwe ukuba Nyusa triglycerides:
- Iipilisi zokulawula inzala
- I-Diurectics
- Iisteroids
- I-Tamoxifen, ichiza lomhlaza webele
Iimpembelelo zoTywala kwi-Triglycerides kunye ne-LDL
Ukusela utywala obuphakathi kunokunyusa i-HDL (elungileyo) i-cholesterol, kwaye oko kukudibanisa. Isenokwandisa ubuntununtunu kwi-insulin kwaye ibangele ezinye iimpendulo ezilungileyo zempilo. Isindululo sokusetyenziswa kotywala butywala obuncinci okanye obuphakathi. Ukusebenzisa utywala ngokumodareyitha kuthathwa njengesiselo esinye ngosuku kubasetyhini kunye neziselo ezibini ngosuku kumadoda.
Phawula: Iziphumo eziluncedo zotywala azikho nkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba uvumele ukusetyenziswa kotywala ukuba awuseli. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga ne-pluses kunye ne-minuses yotywala kuwe kunye nempilo yakho.
Yeka ukutshaya ukwehlisa iKholesterol
I-ADA icebisa ukuba uyatshaya ukuyeka ukuphucula ulawulo lweswekile. Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokuphucula impilo yakho yonke kwaye kunciphise umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza.
Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi, iinkqubo zenkxaso, kunye namayeza akhoyo okukunceda ukuba uyeke ukutshaya. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba kunokuthatha iinzame ezimbalwa ukuyeka umkhwa wakho wokutshaya ngokulungileyo. Ukungatshayi xa unesifo seswekile kunokukunceda unciphise umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nezinye iingxaki zeswekile.
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