Yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lutshintshe xa uphakama. Xa uqala ukuvuka ekulaleni okanye ehleli, umxhuzulane unyanzela igazi ukuba lidibane emilenzeni yakho, uyachaza. kwiKliniki yaseMayo , nto leyo ebangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwehle kancinane. Xa oku kusenzeka, iiseli ezithile ziva ukuntywila okuncinci kuxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye zixelele intliziyo yakho ukuba ipompe ngamandla kwaye ikhawuleze ukufumana uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho kwakhona.
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Xa uphelelwe ngamanzi okanye ungatyi ngexesha elithile, unokuziva udizzy emva kokuma ngenxa yokuba umzimba wakho ulibazisekile ekuthumeleni igazi phezulu. Kwaye kwabanye abantu, esi siyezi sinokuhlala ixesha elide kunemizuzu embalwa kwaye inokuba luphawu lwento enkulu eyenzekayo, njengemeko yentliziyo okanye ingxaki ye-endocrine ebangela i-hypotension (okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi).
Kodwa nokuba abantu abondliwe ngokupheleleyo be-hydrated ngaphandle kwe-hypotension banokubona idiphu encinci kuxinzelelo lwegazi emva kokuma, ngokutsho i-American Heart Association —yaye kuqhelekile oko. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uphando olutsha lubonisa ukuba ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic ekumeni kunokubonisa umngcipheko ophezulu wesiganeko senhliziyo kwixesha elizayo.
Isifundo, ipapashwe kwiveki ephelileyo Uxinzelelo lwegazi , idatha evavanyiweyo kwiminyaka eyi-17 ukusuka kubantu abangaphezu kwe-1,200 ukusuka kwi-18 ukuya kwi-45 yeminyaka ubudala e-Italiya, bonke abo babenenqanaba loku-1 loxinzelelo lwegazi olunganyangwanga. Oko kuthetha ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic (inombolo ephezulu kuxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho) lwaluphakathi kwe-140 kunye ne-159, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-diastolic (inani elisezantsi) laliphakathi kwe-90 kunye ne-100. Okuqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi olunempilo luchazwa njengaphantsi okanye olulinganayo. ukuya kwi-120 mmHg ngaphezulu kwe-80 mmHg, edla ngokubonwa njenge-120/80 mmHg. ('mm Hg' imele i-'millimeters of mercury,' engumlinganiselo osetyenziselwa uxinzelelo lwegazi). Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba babenomngcipheko ophantsi oqikelelweyo weziganeko ezinkulu zentliziyo ngenxa yendlela yokuphila esebenzayo kunye nembali yonyango enempilo.
Ukutya oku-#1 ukuya kuxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi, ngokweSayensiAbaphandi bathatha ukufundwa koxinzelelo lwegazi kubathathi-nxaxheba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ukuma nokulala. Ngelixa uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic kufuneka lwehle kancinci xa umile, i-10% yabathathi-nxaxheba babone ukuba inani eliphezulu lenyuka nge-6.5 mm Hg. Uphononongo lwahlula abathathi-nxaxheba babe ngamaqela amabini ngokusekelwe kwindlela abasabela ngayo uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic kufuneka beme phezulu: i-10% ephezulu, ebone ukunyuka kwe-6.5 mm Hg ubuncinane kuxinzelelo lwegazi xa bemile, kunye ne-90% esezantsi, ababonayo. ukunyuka okungabalulekanga kangako okanye ukudipha.
Xa abaphandi balandela kunye nabathathi-nxaxheba malunga ne-17 iminyaka kamva, bafumanisa ukuba iqela elinoxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic lwenyuka ubuncinane kwi-6.5 mm Hg laliphindwe kabini ukuba libe nesiganeko esibi senhliziyo okanye i-stroke kunezinye i-90% yabathathi-nxaxheba. Uphononongo luphinde lwafumanisa ukuba ukutyeba, imbali yempilo yentsapho kunye namanqanaba omsebenzi ayenayo impembelelo ekunciphiseni okanye ekwandiseni umngcipheko, kodwa abathathi-nxaxheba kwiqela elinomngcipheko ophezulu banokuthi babheme.
'Iziphumo zophando ziqinisekisile i-hypothesis yethu yokuqala-ukunyuka okunyukayo kwengcinezelo yegazi ukusuka ekuxokeni ukuya ekumeni kunokuba kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abancinci abanexinzelelo lwegazi. Siye samangaliswa kukuba nokonyuka okuncinci kokuma koxinzelelo lwegazi [6-7 mm Hg] kwakucingelwa ngeziganeko ezinkulu zentliziyo ekuhambeni kwexesha, 'umbhali okhokelayo wophononongo uPaolo Palatini, MD, uthe ukukhutshwa kweendaba .
Uphononongo luphinde lwajonga i-subset encinci yabathathi-nxaxheba be-630 abanamanqanaba e-hormone yoxinzelelo olulinganiswe kwiiyure ze-24. Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba umlinganiselo we-epinephrine-creatine wawuphezulu phakathi kwabo banyuke uxinzelelo lwegazi xa bemile.
Isicwangciso seSidlo soxinzelelo lweGazi olusempilweni lwabaQalayo'Amanqanaba e-epinephrine luqikelelo lwefuthe lehlabathi loxinzelelo loxinzelelo kwiiyure ezingama-24. Oku kubonisa ukuba abo banoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu xa bemile banokuba nempendulo eyongeziweyo yovelwano [impendulo yokulwa-okanye-indiza] kuxinzelelo,' Watsho uPalatini . 'Lilonke, oku kubangela ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo.'
Ngelixa isiyezi sinokukhapha uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi xa umile, unokuziva ugungxulwa okanye uve intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu-nangona ukunyuka kwe-6.5 mm Hg abanye abathathi-nxaxheba kolu phononongo babonileyo basenokungazisi ezo mpawu.
Ngoko wazi njani ukuba usemngciphekweni? Ngaphandle kokuba wenze uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-orthostatic kunye nomboneleli wakho wezempilo oyintloko (apho uvavanya uxinzelelo lwegazi ulele phantsi kwaye uphakame), usenokungazi. Kwaye inyaniso kukuba olu phononongo luya kufuna ubungqina obungakumbi obuxhasayo ukuze iziphumo ziqinisekiswe. Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba ababebandakanyiwe babengabamhlophe, yaye uninzi lwabo yayingamadoda, nto leyo eyayisenza kube bubudenge ukwenza izinto ngokubanzi phakathi kwabemi abaninzi.
Kodwa ukuba unenkxalabo malunga noxinzelelo lwegazi ngelixa uhleli, umile okanye wenza nantoni na enye, kukho iindlela ezininzi onokuthi uhlengahlengise indlela otya ngayo uxinzelelo lwegazi olunempilo. Ukuzama ekulula ukukulandela I-DASH (okanye i-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) ukutya yindawo entle ukuqala. (Funda ngakumbi malunga indlela yokulandela ukutya DASH Apha.)
Ekubeni i-potassium inokunceda izintso zakho zikhuphe i-sodium engaphezulu, ukutya ngakumbi ukutya okuphezulu kwe-potassium , njengeebhanana, i-salmon, i-avocados kunye neembotyi ezimhlophe, ingaba yinto efanelekileyo yokukunceda ufezekise uxinzelelo lwegazi olunempilo. Kwaye ukupheka ekhaya ngakumbi kunye nokusebenzisa izithako zesodium esezantsi kunokukunceda ukuba ubambe ukutya kwakho kwesodium.
Okukwintsusa
Isifundo esitsha kwi Uxinzelelo lwegazi bafumanisa ukuba abantu abanexinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic (okanye inani elingaphezulu kwi-blood-pressure reading) benyuka kakhulu xa bemile babenethuba eliphindwe kabini lokufumana isiganeko senhliziyo, kubandakanywa intlungu yesifuba, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha. Uphononongo lwalulinganiselwe ngokwedemografi, ngoko uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka ukuqinisekisa iziphumo. Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukukhathalela ngokukhethekileyo uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukutya ngakumbi ukutya okutyebileyo kwe potassium kwaye uzama ipateni yokutya okunempilo ingakunceda ukuba ukhathalele inqaku lakho.
