UJoe Raedle / Getty Izithombe Ngelixa Isonka esimangalisayo sasikhona ayinguye umvelisi wokuqala welizwe osikiweyo, isonka esimhlophe Ngokuqinisekileyo yeyona nto ihambelana nayo. Xa abahlali base-Indianapolis babekhona wathembisa ukuza 'kommangaliso' Kwibhengezo eyakhutshwa ngoMeyi ka-1921, akukho namnye owayesazi ukuba ilizwe liphela liza kukhawuleza lifumane lo mmangaliso kwiminyaka ezayo.
Isonka esimangalisayo besikhona kangangesithuba senkulungwane, kwaye uninzi lwabantu baseMelika lusazibona izonka ezinemibala enemibala emikhulu njengesonka sobuntwana babo. Isonka esimangalisayo sinembali enomdla, kwaye iphantse yahamba iphele nya Sele ibuyile ithe chu kwizishelufu kodwa indlela ukusukela oko yaqalwa kwiminyaka yee-20 ngokuqinisekileyo inzima ngakumbi kunendawo yayo emhlophe emhlophe ngaphakathi. Ngaba ufuna iinyani ezingaphantsi komhlaba malunga nesonka obukade usenza ngokungazenzisiyo sibe ziibhola ukuphosa abo ufunda nabo ngexesha lesidlo sasemini kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi? Emva koko funda inyani engachazwanga yesonka esimangalisayo.
Igama lesonka esimangalisayo liphefumlelwe ziibhaluni zomoya ezishushu
Facebook Ukhe uzibuze ukuba esi sonka sasifumana njani igama elithi Wonder? Ewe, a Isigqeba sokuthengisa yeNkampani yokubhaka iTaggart egama linguElmer Cline yayiphefumlelwe ngenene ziibhaluni zomoya ezishushu, ngakumbi ezo wazibonayo kwi-International Balloon Race eyayibanjelwe e-Indianapolis Speedway ngo-1921. mangaliswe yokunikela ubungqina amakhulu iibhaluni zomoya oshushu dot isibhakabhaka samkhokelela ekubeni acebise ukubiza izonka ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ngoku Isonka esimangalisayo.
Akukho namnye ukulibala iingcambu zakhe, uphawu lweWonder luyigcinile imbeko enkulu kwiibhaluni zomoya ezishushu. Ngo-2001, yagunyazisa inkampani yayo ibhaluni yomoya oshushu kunye nelogo yeWonder Bread ebhalwe kuyo. Utyelelo lwebhaluni kwilizwe liphela kwaye, ewe, Isonka esimangalisayo sikhuthaza abantu ukuba babhale phantsi ukubona ibhaluni yeWonder kwimidiya yoluntu kunye ne-hashtag #SpotTheWonder. Ngokuqinisekileyo u-Elmer Cline uya kuba neqhayiya.
Isonka seWonder bekucingelwa ukuba sicoceke ngakumbi kunesonka esenziwe ekhaya
UJoe Raedle / Getty Izithombe Ngethamsanqa yesonka esimangalisayo, usuku lwayo lwenzekile ngaphambi kokuba igama elithi 'ukutya okuqhubekileyo' ligama elibi. Isonka esidala senziwe ekhaya. Ekugqibeleni iivenkile zokubhaka zaqala ukwenza isonka, kodwa bona ibingezizo iindawo zokubhaka ezinqabileyo esizicingayo namhlanje. Kwangoko kwimizi-mveliso Iivenkile zokubhaka ubudala zazingacacanga ncam kwaye ispan, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ababhaki batyhola umgangatho wemveliso xa besika iikona ukugcina inhlama ('intlama,' kulo mzekelo, ligama elihlazo lemali kunye nentlama yokoqobo yesonka) . Banokuba nakho yongezwa Izinto ezinje ngesawel ukolula oko banako.
Iincasa ezingama-23 zepepile
Xa izifo ezithwala ukutya ezifana nekholera kunye ne-typhus ziqala ukuthatha abantu ezantsi ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane, abantu baqala ukufumana paranoid ngokwenyani malunga nokutya kwabo. Olu loyiko luhlala lukhokelela kukusiwa kwesonka esibhakwe kwalapha ekhaya. Ngamafutshane, abantu bakhathazekile ngokhuseleko lokutya into esinokuthi ngoku sibhekise kuyo njengesonka esenziwe kwalapha ekhaya. Endaweni yokuba abantu baguqukele 'kwisonka sefektri,' ababecinga ukuba sixovwe zizandla zeengelosi kwindawo enkulu ekhazimlayo, ekhitshini eliqaqambileyo, okanye enye into. Ubumhlophe beempawu zesonka esiqhelekileyo njengeSonka esiMangalisayo sisebenza kuphela ukuqinisa igama laso lokucoceka nokucoceka.
Isonka esimangalisayo asiyenzanga isonka esisikiweyo
Ifoto nguBrendan Smialowski / Getty Izithombe Isonka esimangalisayo sinokubakho kwisigqibo sesonka esisikiweyo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo asiyenzanga. Indoda egama lingu UOtto Rohwedder qamba umatshini wokuqala wokusika isonka (owakhelwe ukusika isonka ngesonka) ngo-1928. Uninzi lwababhaki lwalunamathandabuzo nangona. Ngubani oza kukhathalela isonka esisikiweyo? Ewe, kuvela, wonke umntu. Okokugqibela indawo yokuthengisa isonka eMissouri, iChillicothe Baking Inkampani, yangena emanzini yaza yanika uRohwedder ukuba ajikeleze. Iintengiso ezikhuthaza isonka sabo 'seKleen Maid Sliced Bread' bancoma izonka ngobulula kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Isonka esisikiweyo sasibetha. Yeyona nto ibalaseleyo ukusukela ... ewe, asiqinisekanga ncam ukuba ngubani okanye ngubani ophethe isihloko 'sento enkulu' ngaphambi kokuba isonka esisikiweyo sithathe indawo kwaye sigcine intlawulo ephezulu.
Yayiyinto ebethayo kangangokuba ngo-1930, iWonder Bread yayicofa oomatshini bayo bokucheba, kwaye yona izonka yesonka esimhlophe esisikiweyo, esaba sisiseko saseMelika. Ngelixa isonka esisikiweyo besele sizibonakalisile kufanelekile, Isimanga seSonka sasihambisa kwinqanaba elitsha lodumo, yiyo loo nto ihlala inxulunyaniswa nalo mxholo wenoveli.
Izonka zeWonder zeSonka zathengiswa zingabhalwanga ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi
Facebook Isikiweyo Wonder Bread kwakubonakala ngathi inexesha lobomi bayo eMelika, kude kube ngo-1943. Malunga neenyanga ezimbini zaloo nyaka, yathatha indawo emashalofini ezivenkileni. Kutheni le nto inkwenkwezi yeWonder yeSonka esikwe isonka yaphuma ingabonakali? Yayiyimfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi kwaye urhulumente wase-US wagqiba kwelokuba ilizwe lethu lifuna amandla emveliso kunye nezinto ezinikezelwe ekwenzeni isonka kunye nokusika ukuba zibekelwe ukwenza izixhobo. Abenzi bomthetho bakhuphe ukuvalwa kwesonka esisikiweyo . Isinyithi sasifuneka kwi-ammo, hayi iisiki zesonka. Kwanephepha le-wax elalisetyenziselwa ukubamba izonka ezisikiweyo kunye lalithathwa njengelifunekayo emkhosini.
Baye bacinga ukuba ukuba abantu abanakufumana isonka sabo ngaphambili njengoko besele beqhelekile, ngekhe bathenge isonka esininzi. Kwelinye icala, i Ibango lengqolowa liza kwehla , eza kuthi zinciphise amaxabiso (umgubo ubone ukonyuka kweepesenti ezili-10 kwiindleko) kwaye inike umkhosi ithuba lokufikelela kwingqolowa eninzi.
Ekugqibeleni kwangalo nyaka kwavunyelwa ukuba ibuye. Urhulumente uvumile ukuba ukonga ngokususa isonka esisikiweyo bekungekho ntweni. Kwaye isonka esimangalisayo seWonder sikwazile ukuphinda sisebenzise i-slicin 'kunye ne-sellin' ngentshiseko.
Isonka esimangalisayo besingasoloko sicebisa
Ifoto nguBrendan Smialowski / Getty Izithombe Ekuqaleni kwee-1900s, isifo ekuthiwa yi pellagra yayisenza umonakalo omkhulu, iingcali zonyango ngelo xesha babezithatha 'njengobhubhane.' Ngokusisiseko, abantu ababandezelekileyo babecingelwa ukuba banqongophele kwi-vitamin B3, kwaye bafumana iimpawu ezinjenge-dementia, i-dermatitis, isifo sohudo, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukufa. Ngelixa unobangela wepellagra ungakhange uqondwe kude kube ngamashumi eminyaka kamva, iingcali zaye zadibanisa nokungabikho iivithamini kukutya okutyala okusemazantsi eMelika babesitya - isonka esimhlophe. Kanye phambi kokuqhambuka kwepellagra yayikukuqala kokupheliswa kwento etyiwayo kweso sonka, umbona. Isonka esimdaka esasihluthwe kwisonka esimhlophe sabekwa ityala.
I-FDA yazibandakanya xa yayiphembelela 'iindibano zomgubo' ngo-1940. Iingcali zaqinisekisa abenzi bezonka ukuba bafumane indlela yokuphinda bongeze kwisonka esimhlophe iivithamini kunye nezakha mzimba ebeziphangiwe, eyile thiamin, riboflavin, kunye nicotinic acid. Yiyo loo nto isonka satyebiswa (kwaye kwafuneka sibhalwe njalo), kwaye ipellagra yayibonakala ngathi iphelisiwe. Yabonwa njengoloyiso lwempilo kwaye Isimanga seSonka ekubeni luphawu lwesonka esimhlophe esaziwayo ngelo xesha laba ligorha.
Olunye urhwebo lwango-1952 lwesonka esimangalisayo wathembisa izibonelelo ezisibhozo zezempilo
UJoe Raedle / Getty Izithombe Kukho ithuba elincinci lokubona iimveliso zomgubo omhlophe zentengiso yanamhlanje kubathengi ngokwazisa izibonelelo zabo zempilo. Uninzi lwempompo kwi-nostalgia, okanye ubumnandi nje. Nangona kunjalo, kwiintsuku zayo zokuqala, Isonka esimangalisayo ngokuqinisekileyo sazama ukurhweba abathengi ngezithembiso zempilo entle. Isonka esimangalisayo seRetro ezorhwebo Ukusukela ngo-1950sithembisa izinto ezisibhozo zokuhlaba izinto ezimhlophe- iprotein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin, namandla - kwaye ikwatyhola ukuba kungakanani okunye ukutya okuya kufuna ukufumana ezo zinto zifunekayo 'zokwakha zomelele imizimba. '
U wendy usenazo iitapile ezibhakiweyo
Namhlanje, Isonka esimangalisayo sikhuthaza abantu ukuba 'bondle uvuyo lwabo' kulo zorhwebo . Owu, kwaye kunjalo bacofa kuyo yonke into 'yokumangaliswa' kunye nenkwenkwe kwitrampolini ejika ibe yindoda esithubeni xa iluma isandwich eyenziwe ngeWonder Bread. Ngokuqinisekileyo kukude kude lee 'nokutya esi sonka kuba zonke izongezo zethu ziya kwenza ukuba amathambo akho akhule' kwindlela yentengiso.
Isimangalo sango-1998 sityhola uWonder Bread wobuhlanga
UJustin Sullivan / Getty Izithombe Ngo-1998, Isonka esimangalisayo sasingekho kwindawo ebonakalayo yokuba yibhakoni ye-grub efanelekileyo. Endaweni yoko, yaphoswa kwinkqubo yezomthetho yesizwe xa abasebenzi abantsundu abali-15 kwenye yezityalo zenkampani wamangalelwa ngenxa yocalucalulo . Abasebenzi babanga ukuba abaphathi babo abamhlophe babandakanyeka ekuziphatheni ngokobuhlanga kubandakanya ukungabavumeli abasebenzi abamnyama ukuba bahlangane kunye ngenxa yokoyika ukuba bazenzele iqela lemigulukudu, bathethe iziqhulo zobuhlanga, kwaye babambe amathuba okwazisa. Babebuza isonka esimangalisayo, inkampani yabazali ngelo xesha, i-Interstate Brands, Corp, kunye nabahlanu kubaphathi bezityalo zaseSan Francisco, ukuba benze ifolokhwe engaphezulu kweedola ezingama-260 ezigidi.
Ngo-2000, ijaji yagqiba ekubeni inikezele nge-17 abamangali , ekhule ukusuka kwi-15 ukuya kwi-21, i-120 yezigidi zeedola kumonakalo owohlwayayo. Bonke abangama-21 nabo banikwa imbasa $ 11 yezigidi yomvuzo olahlekileyo, iintlungu, kunye nokubandezeleka ngenxa yocalucalulo. I-Interstate Brands yathi ngelo xesha babeceba ukubhena kwisigqibo.
Isonka esimangalisayo asibonisanga ngqolowa ipheleleyo kude kube ngo-2006
Facebook Ngaphandle kweengcambu kwizonka ezimhlophe ezimhlophe, i ingqolowa ephelele I-craze ekugqibeleni yaba yinto exhaphakileyo ukuba Isimanga seSonka singahoyi. Ngo-2006, oko waqala ukuthengisa ingxelo epheleleyo yengqolowa , Kulungile, iinguqulelo ezimbini zengqolowa, zichanekile. Ukuba abantu ababesatya iikhabho Ngelo xesha babezakunyanzelisa ukuba ii-carbs zibe ziinkozo ezipheleleyo, Isonka esimangalisayo kwakufuneka inyuse umdlalo wayo ukuze uhlale kumdlalo uqobo. Isonka esitsha yayinguWonder White Bread Fans (iipesenti ezili-100 ezipheleleyo zeenkozo) kunye neWonder Made With Whole Grain White (inxalenye yengqolowa epheleleyo, inxalenye yomgubo omhlophe).
Iingcali zezondlo zazingathandabuzeki kodwa impendulo evela kwi-American Dietetic Association yaqhwaba isonka esimangalisayo. Isithethi, uDavid Grotto, uxelele Iindaba zeCBS , 'Kuluntu ngokubanzi le yindlela entle, efihlakeleyo yokwazisa iinkozo ezipheleleyo kwaye ungazibethi entloko.' Nokuba iyinyani ngokwenyani isondlo okanye iqhinga lokuthengisa, awunakutyhola Isonka esimangalisayo ngokuzama.
Kwaba nzima kuMamkeli-zindwendwe ukuxhasa izibonelelo zezempilo zeWonder Bread
UJoe Raedle / Getty Izithombe Ngo-2010, inkampani yeWonder Bread eyayingumzali uHessess Brands wayezama ukweyisela abantu baseMelika ukuba isonka sabo esimhlophe ngokwenene sasinokhetho olusempilweni. Izibhengezo Izinto ezithenjisiweyo ezinjengevithamin D, ikhalsiyam kunye nefayibha efunyenwe ngokutya isonka. Ngelo xesha, nangona kunjalo, iingcali zesondlo (kwaye nabani na owayengahlali phantsi kwelitye) babesazi ukuba ezo mpawu zintle Isimangaliso seSonka sasisothusa yayizizongezo ezazifakwa kwisonka emva kokuba sikhutshiwe kulo lonke ixabiso lesondlo kwinkqubo yokumhlophe . Ngokusisiseko, wonke umntu wayeyazi into 'etyebisiweyo' yayithetha eli nqaku.
Ukuthengiswa kwesonka esimangalisayo kuye kwancipha-babephantsi nge-15 yeepesenti ngo-2009-ke umamkeli zindwendwe wayebambelela ngokufumana iindlela zokuthengisa isonka ngoku kubantu baseMelika abatya impilo. Uninzi luye lwaba ngumlenze kwinto yokuba kukho iindlela ezingcono zokusebenzisa iivithamini, kwaye kwakukutya apho zazivela khona ngokwendalo. Kwakukho nezazi zokutya ezibonisa ukuba kukho into efana neevithamini ezininzi. Isonka esimangalisayo kunye noMamkeli-zindwendwe kwafuneka enze okungakumbi ukweyisela abantu baseMelika ababengamangqina kuzo zonke iivangeli zengqolowa ukuba kusekho ixabiso kwizicucu zabo ezicoliweyo, ezimhlophe zecarb.
Iintyatyambo zokutya Inc zigcinwe Isonka esimangalisayo emva kokuba iiHostess Brands ziye zesisu
UJustin Sullivan / Getty Izithombe Ngaba uyakholelwa ukuba sisonka esimangalisayo wasishiya phantse unyaka wonke ? Xa inkampani yomzali wesonka Iimpawu zoMamkeli ziNdwendwe yaphuma ngokusemthethweni kwishishini ngo-2012, Isimanga Isonka sayeka ukulungelelanisa iishelufa zevenkile ezinkulu. Ngombulelo, umsindisi wangena ngaphakathi. Iintyatyambo zeFoods Inc., esisesona sisonka seWonder namhlanje, safumana isonka soMamkeli ezintlanu Iimpawu , uninzi lwabantu olwalukhathazekile kukubona usiya xa uHessess eyibiza ngokuba iyayeka.
Ukutya kweentyatyambo kuthathe isigqibo sokuphinda ubambe umnqweno onxulunyaniswa neSonka seWonder ngokubuyela kwimo yayo yokuqala kunye nokusebenzisa inguqulelo yayo yokuqala. Yabuyela ezishelufini ngoSeptemba ka-2013. Kubonakala ngokungathi ilapha ukuhlala inombulelo ngoncedo lweFood Foods, kwaye mhlawumbi nokuzimisela kwabantu ukuxhasa isonka emva kokubona inyani elusizi yokungafumaneki kwayo. Awuyazi into oyifumeneyo de ihambe-ngokuchanekileyo, Isonka esimangalisayo?
