Kwiintsapho ezihlala zineentlanzi kwimenyu yesidlo sangokuhlwa, kukho amathuba amakhulu okuba salmon. Ngoku ka ISibonelelo seLwandle iDelaware , Ukuthandwa kwesalmon kugqitywa kuphela yituna kunye ne-shrimp-kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba zininzi i-salmon ezikhutshelwa emanzini ehlabathi. Kodwa ngawaphi amanzi avela kuwo-kwaye ngaba ibalulekile? Ubheja uyayenza.
Okokuqala, inyani eyonwabisayo: 'I-Salmon' ngokwenyani ibhekisa kwiqela leentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezichazwe ngendlela yazo eyahlukileyo, esiza kuthetha ngayo kamva. Xa kuziwa kwisalmon eyenza itafile yesidlo sangokuhlwa, kukho iintlobo ezintandathu ezahlukeneyo ezityiwe e-US. I-Coho, i-Chum, i-Chinook, i-Sockeye, kunye ne-Pink zivela kwiindawo zokuloba zasendle ePacific, ngelixa i-salmon yase-Atlantic yinto eqhelekileyo evela kwiifama zentlanzi zorhwebo.
Phantse ezibini kwisithathu salmon yase-US zivela kwiifama, uninzi lwezi fama ziseChile, eNorway nase Canada. (Inani elincinci lifunyenwe kwiifama zaseMaine naseWashington.) Esinye isithathu sibanjelwe endle, kwaye loo nto yenza ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba yintoni umahluko xa uthenga usapho lwakho. Kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zinto zimbini, ke makhe sithethe ngento ekufuneka uyazi.
Ngaba kukho ukwahluka kwesondlo?
Isalmon yisalmon, nokuba ivelaphi ... akunjalo? Hayi kanye.
i-pizza hut i-cheesy iluma i-pizza iyekile
Ngoku ka Ubushushu , Kukho umahluko omangalisayo omangalisayo kumxholo wesondlo weefama eziphakanyisiweyo kunye nesalmon yasendle. Kungenxa yokuba bakhula besitya izinto ezahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ngelixa i-salmon yasendle itya ubukhulu becala ii-invertebrates ezincinci, isalmon esefama ityiswa ukutya kokutya okucutshungulweyo kwentlanzi okunokwahluka ngomvelisi.
Zininzi izinto ezahlukileyo apha kuxhomekeka ekubeni utya kangakanani kwaye zilungiselelwe njani, kodwa nazi izikhokelo ezisekwe kwisiqingatha sefayile. Ngelixa eso siqingatha se-salmon yasendle iza neekhalori ezingama-281 kuphela, ezixhuma ziye kufikelela kwi-412 yeekhalori xa uthetha ngezinto eziphakanyiswe kwifama. Kuthekani ngamanqatha? I-salmon yasendle ijikeleze i-gram ezili-13 zamafutha (kunye ne-1.9 gram yeenqatha ezigcweleyo), ngelixa uhlobo olukhuliswe kwifama luza kunye ne-27 gram (kunye nee-6 gram zamafutha agcweleyo). Yinto enkulu kakhulu! Ayizizo zonke izinto ezichaphazeleka ngokufanayo- zombini ziqulathe malunga nemali efanayo yecholesterol kunye nemagniziyam- kodwa oko kubonisa nje ukuba ayizizo zonke iisalmon ezenziwe ngokulinganayo.
Lithini ibali ngamafutha kunye ne-omega-3 fatty acids?
Kukho intetho eninzi malunga ne-omega-3 fatty acids kule minyaka idlulileyo, kwaye nokuba awuqinisekanga ukuba kutheni uzifuna, uyazi ukuba intlanzi yenye yezona zinto ziphambili. Inkqubo ye- Amaziko kaZwelonke wezeMpilo Bathe banxulunyaniswa nokunceda ukukhusela isifo sentliziyo, ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, i-Alzheimer kunye nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kunye neemeko zamehlo ezinxulumene nobudala- ke qiniseka ukuba ufumana i-omega-3 yakho!
Yimalini i-omega-3 oyifumanayo ekusebenzeni kwesalmon yinto ekhohlisayo ukuyifumana. Ngoku ka Ezempilo zeHarvard , uphononongo lomxholo we-omega-3 weentlobo eziphambili ze-salmon ephakanyiswe kwifama kakhulu phakathi kwe-717 mg kunye ne-1533 mg. Lowo ngumahluko omkhulu, kodwa bakwatsho ukuba izinto eziphakanyiswe kwifama ngokubanzi zinokungaphezulu kwendle.
Ukukhetha okubalulekileyo ithi amanqatha kunye nomxholo we-omega-3 we-salmon yasendle ixhomekeke kuhlobo lweentlanzi, kwaye i-omega-3 engakumbi inamafutha, nawo. I-salmon ye-King (okanye i-Chinook) ineyona iphakamileyo kuzo zombini, kwaye kungenxa yokuba iintlanzi eziphakanyiswe kwiindawo ezibandayo zihlala zithambile.
Kukwafanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba amafutha alungileyo kwiisalmon ezifama ziyahluka, nazo. Ngo-2016, i I-BBC uxele ngeziphumo zokuba amanqanaba e-omega-3 fatty acid kwi-salmon esefama sele yehle kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo (enkosi kutshintsho lweentlanzi), isenza umzekelo ogqibeleleyo wendlela imveliso yeentlanzi eyahluka ngayo.
Yeyiphi enye enezinto ezingcolisa ngakumbi izinto eziphilayo?
Ukutya okubini kufama kunye nesalmon yasendle kuchaphazela kanye oko kuphelela kwipleyiti yakho, kwaye oko kunokwenza izinto zibe nzima kancinci-ngakumbi xa kuziwa kungcoliseko.
Emuva ngo-2003, Iqela elisebenzayo lokusiNgqongileyo bapapasha iziphumo zabo zokuba i-salmon ephakanyiswe efama ibiphezulu kwizingcolisi zendalo kunye nezinto eziphilayo, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba betyebise ngenjongo yokutya iintlanzi kunye neoyile yeentlanzi ezenziwe kwintlanzi encinci, evulekileyo yolwandle. Ziziseko zetyathanga lokutya: batya iintlanzi ezingcolileyo, emva koko bazakhela amanqanaba aphezulu okuzihlambulula, kuba babesondliwa kwaye betyebile ngaphezu kwesalmon yasendle. Kodwa kwakungoko.
Kodwa izifundo zamva nje ezivela kwi- Iziko loPhando lweLwandle ENorway - lelinye lawona mazwe makhulu avelisa iisalmon- cebisa ukuba izinto zitshintshile, kwaye ukuba uhlala kude nesalmon ephakanyiswe kwifama kuba uyivile loo nxalenye yokuqala yophando, awudingi kukhathazeka ngoku. Uninzi lweefama lutsibela ioyile yentlanzi, eyayiyenye yezinto zokutya ezazibangela ungcoliseko. Ngoku, kukho amanqanaba afanayo angcolisayo afunyanwa kuzo zombini ezi ntlobo (nangona amanqanaba eesalmon ezifama eneneni ayesezantsi). Ukuba oko kuvakala kusoyikisa, kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba iingcali zigxininisa ukuba amanqanaba angcolisayo kuzo zombini ezi ntlobo 'ayephantsi' kwaye athi ayisosizathu sokweqa nokuba loluphi uhlobo.
Umahluko owothusayo ngombala-kwaye yeyiphi?
Ukuxela umahluko phakathi kweentlobo zeentlanzi kunzima, yiyo loo nto kungothusi Oceana uthi ubuqhetseba bokutya kwaselwandle buxhaphake kakhulu. Isalmon ilula nangona kunjalo, akunjalo? Ubomvu obomvu obahlukileyo, emva kwayo yonke loo nto ... kuphela, ayizizo zonke eza ngolo hlobo ngaphandle koncedo oluncinci.
Imenyu yesidlo sakusasa senkosikazi yobisi
I-salmon yasendle ifumana umbala obomvu oorenji ngokwemvelo, kwaye ivela kwikhompawundi ebizwa ngokuba ziicarotenoids. Kukwi krill, shrimp kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezingenamqolo ezityiwa salmon yasendle. I-salmon yasefama, nangona kunjalo, ayinakho ukufikelela okufanayo kubo bonke abagxeki abancinci abatshintsha umbala wabo.
Kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba abalimi kufuneka bongeze ukutya kwe salmon yabo ephakanyiswe kwifama ngezongezo eziya kuguqula inyama yazo emhlophe okanye engwevu njengepinki eyamkelwe ngokubanzi. Isengumbala okhanyayo ngokukhanyayo kunesalmon yasendle, kodwa isondele ngokwaneleyo kuninzi abathengi . Ngoku ka Ixesha , uninzi lwamafama longeza ngecarotenoids ethathwe kwi-algae eluhlaza, umhlaba uphuma kwii-crustaceans, okanye wenziwe elebhu, kwaye yongezwa kukutya kwabo-kwaye ayisiyondlela ifikelelekayo. Izongezo zokwenza iakhawunti yazo epinki yesalmon malunga neepesenti ezingama-20 zeendleko zokondla iintlanzi, kodwa kunyanzelekile, batsho. Uphando lweemarike lufumanise ukuba umbala yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kubathengi, kwaye xa umnyama ubumnyama, kokukhona bezimisele ukuhlawula iintlanzi.
Ngaba kufuneka ukhathazeke malunga ne-mercury kuyo nayiphi na?
Rhoqo, izilumkiso malunga nomxholo we-mercury kwiintlanzi zibetha emxholweni. Ngokwe- I-EPA kunye ne-FDA, izilumkiso ze-mercury zezona zixhalabisayo kwabasetyhini abaphakathi kwe-16 ukuya kuma-49, abasetyhini abanjalo ukhulelwe okanye ukuncancisa, nabantwana abancinci. Ngethamsanqa, i-salmon ikuluhlu 'lwezona zikhetho zibalaseleyo' xa kuziwa kwiintlanzi.
Ngo-2004, iOxford Academic's BioScience uthathe ujongo olunzulu kwizinto ezingcolisayo- kubandakanya i-mercury - kwisalmon. Ngokwabo, umndilili weCoho wawumi malunga .0000027 yepesenti ye-mercury, kwaye ngokuthelekisa ezinye, bekukho malunga neepesenti ezingama-27 zeprotein kule ntlanzi inye. Bongeze ukuba i-salmon iphakathi kwamanqanaba asezantsi e-mercury kwibhodi yonke, kwaye umsebenzi wabo wokuhlalutya iikhompawundi ezifumaneka e-Alaska iintlanzi babonisa ukuba babekhona, ngendlela engezantsi kwamanqanaba anokubangela i-alamu encinci.
Kwaye oko kuhlala kuyinto entle. Ngoku ka UMgcini , zombini i-salmon yasendle kunye nefama yahlala iphantsi kwimixholo ye-mercury kwi-2017-iindaba ezimnandi kubathandi be-salmon.
Ngaba ukusetyenziswa kweantibiotic yinto enkulu?
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Antibiotic kumzi-mveliso wenyama kunzima (kwaye sijonga ngokunzulu apha). Ngokusisiseko, inkxalabo yile: xa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane esetyenziselwa ukwandisa ubunzima bezilwanyana endaweni yokulwa nokugula kuphela, oko kuphakamisa inani lezibulala-ntsholongwane ezenza ukuba zibe kukutya kwethu kwaye ekugqibeleni zenze zingasebenzi kakuhle xa sizifuna. Ngeesalmon, inzima.
Kuphela yi-salmon yasefama apho ukusetyenziswa kwe-antibiotic kungumba, kwaye ngokwe- I-World Health Organization , INorway iye yanciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwee-antibiotics kwiifama ze-salmon phantse akukho nto. Baye batshintshela kugonyo iintlanzi zabo kwizifo ababekade bezisebenzisa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, kwaye benze inkqubela phambili ekuphuculeni ucoceko lweemeko ezigcinwa kuzo iintlanzi. Zizo zonke iindaba ezimnandi ezo, kodwa azilunganga xa ujonga komnye wabavelisi abaninzi beesalmon zehlabathi.
ioyile yekhokhonathi yokunciphisa
Ngoku ka Oceana , Amafama e-salmon eChile angomnye wabasebenzisi abakhulu be-antibiotics kwishishini lemfuyo. Ukudityaniswa neemeko ezipakishwe kakuhle abakhulele kuzo, isalmon yaseChile iphakanyiswe ngokuchanekileyo kwimeko yezenzululwazi enexhala ngayo. U-Liesbeth van der Meer wase-Oceana Chile uyishwankathela ngale ndlela: 'Abathengi kufuneka babe nexhala lokuba sidala iintsholongwane apha eChile.'
Ke ukuba ukhathazekile malunga ne-antibiotic kwi-salmon yakho, fumana ukuba ivelaphi-ibalulekile.
Ngaba ungathanda iintshulube okanye iintwala ngayo?
Okokuqala, masithethe ngeesalmon zasendle. NgoJulayi 2018, Iindaba zeMercury uxele ngokufunyanwa kwesisu kwelinye ibhinqa: isalmon awayesandula ukuyithenga kwiCostco yayineentshulube ezijikeleza ngaphantsi kweplastiki. INzululwazi kongezwe kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentshulube ezinokufumaneka kwiintlanzi, kwaye ezinokubosulela abantu kwaye zingafuna utyando ukuze zisuswe. Ukuqanduselwa (ubuncinci iintsuku ezisixhenxe) yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba iintshulube azishukumi kwakhona, kodwa ziindaba ezimbi: IiMunchies ithi zonke iintlobo zentlanzi ezibanjiswe endle unokucinga ukuba zinemisundululu. Ngaba ukupheka kuya kubasusa? Akuninzi kangako - iintlanzi kunqabile ukuba zifikelele kubushushu obufunekayo ukubulala izinambuzane ezincinci.
Iintlanzi ezifama zihlala zinyangwa kwezi ndidi zezidleleli, kodwa zinenye ingxaki: iintwala zaselwandle. Ngokwe-UK's IMyuziyam yeMbali yeNdalo , Iintwala zaselwandle zizidalwa ezincinci eziye zahlala zizigidi zeminyaka, kwaye zinokuphila kuphela ngokuzibandakanya kwintlanzi kwaye zitye kwigazi lesikhumba. Ngelixa zikhona elwandle, amanzi apakishwe kufutshane kwiifama ze-salmon enza ukuba kube lula kakhulu kwimibungu encinci ukuba ifumane ukubamba, ukuzala kunye nokuchuma. Iikhemikhali ibikukuphela kwendlela yokuphelisa usulelo oluxhaphakileyo, kwaye uninzi luye lwasetyenziswa ukuba iintwala zolwandle ziye zakha ukuxhathisa kuninzi lwazo.
Ukulima okanye endle? Oko kuxhomekeke ekubeni loluphi uhlobo lwesidleleli esikukhuphele ngaphantsi.
Inokuziphatha njani isalmon yokulima?
Imifanekiso kaGetty Ngelixa uninzi lweentlanzi kungamanzi angenasawoti okanye ityuwa, isalmon inomjikelo wobomi obukhethekileyo Inkqubo ye- Inkonzo yeSizwe yePaki ithi amaqanda abekwa ngaphakathi kwaye aqandusele kwimilambo yamanzi acocekileyo, kwaye kuxhomekeke kuhlobo, banokuchitha ukuya kuthi ga kunyaka kwizityalo zabo ezincinci zendalo. Ekugqibeleni, zonke ziya entloko ukuya kulwandle olusondeleyo, apho ziya kuchitha phakathi konyaka omnye ukuya kwiminyaka esixhenxe zikhula zide zikhule kwaye zide zikhule. Emva koko, basabela kuhlobo oluthile lwe-cue (engekaqondwa sithi), kwaye baya kwenza uhambo lokubuyela apho babekhutshwe khona. Amaqanda ayazalelwa, achunyiswe, kwaye iintlanzi ezindala ziyafa.
Enye i-salmon yasendle inokuhamba amakhulu kunye amakhulu eekhilomitha, kwaye yile ndlela yokuphila ejikelezayo ekhokele amaqela ezentlalontle yezilwanyana kunye nabezemvelo ukugweba i-salmon yokuphakamisa iifama njengento engenabungozi (nge Ezizimeleyo ). Abanye abathengisi- njengeMarks kunye neSpencer yase-UK - baye basebenzisana ne-RSPCA kunye nenkqubo yabo yeNkululeko yokutya ukunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba isalmon iphakanyiswe ngendlela enoxanduva, enobubele, kodwa kukutya kokucinga.
Yeyiphi eyona incasa ibhetele?
I-salmon yasendle inamanqaku amaninzi kuyo, kwaye ibiza kakhulu, ke kufanele ukuba ingcono ... akunjalo? Xa kuziwa kuvavanyo lweencasa, nangona kunjalo, kuvavanyo olwenziwe IWashington Post icebisa ukuba zeziphi ezona zinto zingcono ezinokumangalisa kuwe.
Bahlanganisa ipaneli yabagwebi (kubandakanya abapheki bokutya kwaselwandle kunye neevenkile ezithengisayo), kwaye uScott Drewno, umpheki olawulayo eWolfgang Puck's The Source, bapheka. Ngaba bekukho i-salmon yasendle kunye nefama, intsha kunye neqabile, kwaye ophumeleleyo? I-salmon yase-Costco efama kunye neqhwa.
Ndiyothusa, akunjalo? Baqaphela ukuba ophumeleleyo ebepakwe ngetyuwa, a indlela yokulungiselela Oko kuyenza yomelele- kwaye ubume buhlala bubalulekile. Kodwa iintlanzi ezilandelayo ezikumgangatho ophezulu nazo zafama. Abanye babagwebi banezimvo ezahlukileyo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa kwiisampulu ezili-10 abazilinganisileyo, isalmon yasendle enezinga eliphezulu ingene kwinombolo yesi-6.
Intsimi kunye noMsinga Ndizigxekile iziphumo (zisithi, 'Ewe, nokuba yeyiphi na.'), kodwa ukuba kukungcamla ukhathazekile malunga ... ikhona impendulo yakho.
Zithetha ntoni zonke ezi ilebheli?
Intloko kwivenkile yokutya okanye i-fishmonger, kwaye uyakufumanisa ukuba ayisiyongxaki njengokuchola into ephakanyiswe yifama okanye ebanjisiweyo yasendle. I-USDA inoluhlu olupheleleyo lwemithetho kunye nemigaqo xa kufikwa ekubhaleni ukutya kwaselwandle (nge UkuKhanya kokuKhanya ), Kwaye oko kuthetha ukuba kukho imigaqo engaqhelekanga onokuyibona iilebhile zesalmon.
Okokuqala, ukuba ithi 'salmon yaseAtlantic', kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba iphantse ibe sisiqinisekiso sokuba ikhuliswe kwifama. Isalmon yasePacific, kwelinye icala, ihlala isendle kodwa unako zivela efama. (Kananjalo, 'I-Salmon yase-Alaskan yasendle ayilulo uhlobo lwesalmon, sisalmon kuphela eyabanjwa eAlaska).
Ukuba ibhalwe 'ifama ngokuzinzileyo,' oko kuthetha ukuba bakhuliswe kwiitanki, hayi kwiikheyi okanye kulwandlekazi kumanzi avulekileyo. Le ndlela ithetha ukuba akukho thuba lincinci lokungcola okanye usulelo lwe-parasite, kwaye iintlanzi mhlawumbi zazinendawo enkulu yokubhukuda kwaye zihlala kwindawo ecocekileyo.
wenza njani ukuba ube ngumpheki wentsimbi
Kukho igama elinye ngokukodwa ekufuneka uligadile xa ujonge isalmon yasendle, kwaye ibanjisiwe. Esi sisalathiso sendlela yokuloba kunye nelayini yokuloba egcinakalayo, ke ukuba kubalulekile kuwe- kwaye ulungile ngethegi yexabiso ephezulu eza nayo- kufanelekile.
Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ekubeni kungekho zikhokelo ze-USDA ezisemthethweni xa kuziwa ekubhaliseni iintlanzi eziphilayo, unokuyihoya ngokukhuselekileyo le.
Wazi njani ukuba awulilo ixhoba lobuqhetseba beentlanzi?
Nje ukuba ipleyiti okanye iphakheji, kunzima ukuxelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwentlanzi olufumanayo. Akufani nokuchaza umahluko phakathi kwenkomo kunye nenkukhu, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, ke uyazi njani ukuba ufumana uhlobo lwesalmon oyifunayo?
Ngokuka-Anders Miller, umnini weNkampani yePike Place Fish Company (nge UkuKhanya kokuKhanya ), zimbalwa iindlela onokuthi uxele ukuba ubanjwa sasendle okanye salmon ephakanyiswe kwifama.
ikhalenda yokufika kwenja 2020 costco
Okokuqala, jonga umbala kunye nephethini yamafutha. I-salmon yasendle ithande ukuba bomvu-orenji, ngelixa ifama ye-salmon ipinki. Iintlanzi ezifama zikwanokuninzi okunamafutha okuhamba kuyo, kuba ayidadisi ngokuchasene nemisinga efana nesalmon yasendle. Ukuba intlanzi ojonge kuyo isenomsila, yenye into yokupha. I-salmon yasendle inemisila emikhulu, emile okwe fan, ngelixa amaphiko omsila we salmon esefama athanda ukuba mancinci kwaye ahlala ekhangeleka erhabaxa ekutyakatyweni zezinye iintlanzi.
Kukho nexesha elithile le-salmon yasendle, kwaye ukuba awuyifumani phakathi ko-Meyi ukuya kuSeptemba, mhlawumbi ifama. Ukuba ayitsho ngokungqalileyo ukuba 'yasendle,' kukwakhona nethuba eliphezulu lokulima. Gcina iliso kwinqanaba lexabiso, kwakhona: i-salmon yasendle ihlala ibiza kakhulu.
Ngaba ukulima kweesalmon kusongela abantu abaninzi beesalmon zasendle?
Ngelixa kunokubonakala ngathi kuyazi okungqongileyo ukukhetha i-salmon ephakanyiswe kwifama kunasendle, ayisiyonto ilula kangako.
Kwi-2018, izazinzulu bezixela (nge Iindaba zeCTV ) kwingxaki enkulu. I-salmon yase-Atlantic ephakanyiswe kwifama ehlala ezibayeni ezingaselunxwemeni lweBritish Columbia inesifo esibi nesosulelayo esibangela ukuba i-jaundice, intliziyo kunye nokudumba kwamathambo, kwaye ekugqibeleni, ukusilela kwamalungu. Yintoni eyenze ingxaki enkulu ngakumbi yayikukuba esi sifo- kunye nezinye- zisasazeke kumthonyama, isalmon yasendle yasePacific.
I-Watershed Watch ithi ayisiyiyo kuphela ingxaki, kwaye ayisiyiyo kuphela ixesha lokuthwalwa kwezifo kunye nokuzaliswa kwindawo ezikufutshane zeminatha yefama yesalmon ethe saa kwiindidi zasendle. Iifama zeSalmon zikwindawo yokuzalela iintwala zolwandle, kwaye kuba isalmon yasendle ihlala idlula kwiifama ngexesha lokufuduka kwazo, zinokusasazeka ngokulula. Kuba zimbalwa iintwala zolwandle ezinokubulala isalmon yolutsha, iziphumo zinokuba mbi.
Kukwakho nokwenzeka kokubaleka okukhulu kunye nokuncinci, apho iintlanzi eziphakanyiswe kwifama zikhululeka kwiminatha yazo kwaye zinokukhawuleza zonakalise yonke indalo. Kwaye kuyenzeka-malunga ne-300,000 ye-salmon ephakanyiswe kwifama ebaleke kwifama yaseWashington ngo-2017.
