Bacon: kufuneka uyithande, akunjalo? Ngokuqinisekileyo yenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo zokutya kwasekuseni, olu hlobo lwehagu, kule minyaka idlulileyo, lube yinto yenkcubeko. Ngaphandle koko yaziwa ngokuba yi 'Bacon Boom,' Ukuqhuma kwebhakoni kukuthandwa akunakunakwa-kule mihla, amaMelika kuphela achitha ngaphantsi kwe- $ 5 yezigidigidi ngonyaka kwinyama ethandwayo. Umntu waseMelika oqhelekileyo udla malunga neepawundi ezili-18 zebhekoni rhoqo ngonyaka, kunye nophando olucebisa ukuba uninzi lwelizwe lufuna ukwenza ibhekoni ukutya kwelizwe laseMelika. Ngokusisiseko ... Ilungile kakhulu.
Kodwa ngaphandle kwento yokuba usenokuba uyityile ibhekoni kwiiyure nje ezidlulileyo, ngekhe uyazi ukuba ingene njani kwipleyiti yakho. Ngokuqinisekileyo, uyazi ukuba luhlobo lwengulube ephilisiweyo, kodwa yenziwa njani? Luhlobo luni lwehagu oluvela kulo? Ngaba iyakwenza oko unayo ukunyangwa? Kwaye zingaphi ukwahluka kwe bacon ezikhoyo? Musa ukoyika - sikugubungele. Nantsi indlela eyenziwe ngayo inyani.
Ibhekoni inembali enomdla
Iifoto zeFox / i-Getty Izithombe Ngaphambi kokuba ufumanise ukuba yenziwe njani i-bacon, ewe, kunokuba luncedo ukuza nembali yayo. Ukukhankanywa okokuqala kwayo nantoni na efana nebhekoni ibuyela kumawakawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo ukuya e-China yakudala, apho yathatha khona isisu sehagu yeetyuwa. Kude kube yinkulungwane ye-16, igama elithi 'ibhekoni' lalisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kuninzi lwenyama yehagu onokuyifumana. Igama ngokwalo livela kwiilwimi zelizwekazi laseYurophu, kubandakanya negama elidala lesiJamani elithi 'bacho,' elithetha 'impundu.'
UBacon wafika kwihlabathi elitsha ehamba nomhloli wamazwe waseSpain uHernando de Soto, owayebizwa ngokuba 'nguyise weAmerican industry yehagu,' oweza neehagu ezili-13 eMelika ngo-1539 wakhawuleza wakhulisa umhlambi wakhe ngobukhulu obungama-700. Ngelishwa, izinto zaphuma kancinci ezandleni kwaye ihagu yeHlabathi eNtsha yaphela isanda ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingalawuleki kangangokuba iihagu zasendle zaqhubeka zibaleka kwisiXeko saseNew York emva kwenkulungwane ye-19.
Namhlanje, kunjalo, abantu baseMelika benza konke okusemandleni abo ukwenza ulungiso koku ngokutya i-bacon eninzi kangangoko banako. Malunga neepesenti ezingama-70 zebhekoni ityiwa ngesidlo sakusasa, kodwa ikwasisithako sesanti esithandwayo kwaye ihlala ibonisa iimenyu zokutyela ezilungileyo kwilizwe liphela. Kodwa ubuyazi lonto, andithi?
Indlela yesiko yokwenza ibhekoni
Kulungile -nantsi ke umbuzo wezigidi ezininzi zeedola: injani ibhakoni ngokwenene yenziwe? Ewe, zikhona iindlela ezimbini eziphambili yokuyivelisa. Eyokuqala kukunyanga owomileyo, indlela yakudala, ngakumbi yemveli yokuvelisa iibhekoni.
I-bacon eluhlaza oqala ngayo ihlikihlwa kuqala ngetyuwa kunye nesinongo, njengendlela yokunika incasa yenyama, ngaphambi kokuyivumela ukuba inyange phakathi kweveki enye okanye ezimbini. Emva kokuba inyoni inyange, iyacocwa, yomiswe kwaye ifakwe kwitshayi ukunceda ukongeza incasa kunye nokwandisa iimpawu zokulondoloza inyama. Ayizizo zonke iibhekoni ezitshaywayo, nangona kunjalo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ibhakoni ephilisiweyo eyomileyo ixhonywa kumoya obomileyo kubanda kangangeeveki- okanye iinyanga.
Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokuphilisa ichitha ixesha, ayisoloko isetyenziswa eUnited States namhlanje. Oko akutsho ukuba ayifumaneki, nangona kunjalo, kwaye ukuba unokufumana izandla kwi-bacon eyomileyo, kufanelekile ukuyenza-ukuba asikho esinye isizathu ngaphandle kokonwabela ubunzulu bayo, iprofayili yencasa eyomeleleyo.
Indlela yoshishino yokwenza i-bacon
Uninzi lwebhekoni olityayo kule mihla lunyangekile, kuba le ndlela ekhawulezayo ilunge ngakumbi kwimveliso yemveliso eninzi. Ukuqala, inani lezinto eziphilisayo-kubandakanya ityuwa, iswekile, i-nitrate yesodium, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali (ngakumbi emva koko) zixutywe kunye ukwenza ibrine. I-bacon eluhlaza emva koko iyatofwa ngale brine (nangona ngamanye amaxesha ifakwa kuyo endaweni yayo; indlela eyaziwa ngokuba kukunyanga emanzini). Ngamanye amaxesha, njengebhekoni ephilileyo eyomileyo, ibhekoni ephilileyo emanzi iyatshaya ukuze incasa. Uninzi lwexesha, nangona kunjalo, ibhekoni ibekwa kwi-oveni yokuhambisa amanzi malunga neeyure ezintandathu, kunye nomsi wolwelo ngamanye amaxesha ukongezwa ukunika inyama incasa yomsi.
Ngokubanzi, ibhekoni ephiliswe ngamanzi imanzi kakhulu kwaye iyasilela kwincasa. Oko kongeza ukufuma kukwenza ukuba kubenzima, okwenza ukuba kubize kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, uhlala ungcono xa uthenga i-bacon ephilisiweyo eyomileyo; nangona inokuba lixabiso ngeponti nganye, ubunzima bayo buvela kwinyama uqobo kunamanzi aqulethwe ngaphakathi. Umthetho wegolide yile: njengazo zonke iintlobo zokutya ezintle, ithegi yamaxabiso aphezulu ihlala ithetha umgangatho ophezulu. Kwaye kutheni uhamba phakathi kwinto ebalulekileyo njengebhekoni?
Unyango olungummangaliso lwenza ibacon ibengcono
Nangona i-bacon ihlala iphiliswa ngamanzi okanye inyangeke, kukho utshintsho kunye nezongezo onokuzenza kwinkqubo yokuphilisa ekhokelela ezahlukeneyo zebhekoni . Ukunyanga uWiltshire, umzekelo, luhlobo lonyango olumanzi olubandakanya ukunyanga ingulube, ukungena kwethambo kunye ne-rind-on, kwiresiphi ekhethekileyo yeebhotile ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezimbini. Emva koko, igcinwa kwindawo yokugcina ebandayo kangangeeveki ezimbini ukuyivumela ukuba ikhule-inike ibhekoni egqityiweyo incasa enetyiwa engacacanga kunye nenyama.
Ukunyanga iMaple kuxa usongeza isiraphu yemephu kumxube ophilisayo (irub yokunonga isiselo sokunyanga esomileyo okanye i-brine ekunyangeni okumanzi). Inyama iyaphiliswa ukuya kuthi ga kwiintsuku ezintlanu emva koko itshaye, nto leyo ikhokelela kwivumba elinomsi nelinencasa yobumnandi kuyo. Unako kwakhona ukunyanga i-bacon, usebenzisa uluhlu lwezithako ezibandakanya ushukela njenge-muscavado, i-demerara kunye ne-molasses, kunye neziqholo ezifana nomjunipha. Ukongeza le iswekile yongezelelweyo kufaka ibhakoni ngevumba elinomsi kunye nelinencasa kunye nevumba elimnandi kakhulu.
yintoni entsha kwii-arby's
Olu lolunye lwezinto ezithandwa kakhulu ekuphiliseni i-bacon, kodwa ukuba wenza i-bacon ngokwakho unokuzama ukuzama ukuxuba irabha yakho (okanye ibrine) ngayo nayiphi na into oyithandayo kwaye ubone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni. Ngubani owaziyo into onokuyifumana?
Yintoni omele uyazi malunga nebhekoni engaqinisekanga
Usenokuba uvile Bacon engenakunyangwa ngaphambili, ngakumbi njengenye indlela esempilweni yebhekoni eqhelekileyo. Uluvo kukuba, kuba inkqubo yokunyanga okumanzi ibandakanya ukongeza ii-nitrate kwinyama yebhekoni, inokuza nemingcipheko yezempilo eqhotyoshelweyo- ukusukela Iitriti zihlala zinxulunyaniswa ukuya kwiziganeko eziphezulu zomhlaza othile.
Ukudideka, i-bacon engaqinisekanga ayinakuqinisekiswa; iphiliswa ngokulula kusetyenziswa umgubo weseleri, ityuwa kunye nezinye izinongo. Uluvo kukuba iselery iqulethe ii-nitrites zendalo, kunee-nitrites ezingezizo ezenziweyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ubunzima bebhekoni. Iitrate ngokwazo zibalulekile kwindlela eyenziwa ngayo ibhekoni, kuba zigcina incasa, zithintela ivumba elibi ekuphuhliseni, kwaye zilibazise ukukhula kweentsholongwane eziyingozi.
Ngelishwa, akuqinisekanga nokuba ii-nitrate zendalo azinabungozi ngaphezu kwe-nitrites ezingezizo - zithetha ukuba akunakwenzeka okanye akunakwenzeka ukuba wazi ukuba i-bacon 'engaxutywanga' ingcono kuwe kune bacon eqhelekileyo. Musa nje ukuwela kwimigangatho yokuthengisa: loo nto ipakishwayo intle isenokuthi utya inyama yehagu enganyangekiyo, kodwa inyani kukuba usitya nje ibhekhoni ephiliswe ngendlela eyahlukileyo ... kwaye hayi indlela ebhetele, nokuba yeyiphi.
Iikhemikhali kunye nezongezo kwibhekoni yakho
Njengokutya okuninzi okuvelisiweyo, ibhekoni (okanye ubuncinci, ibhakoni ephiliswe ngamanzi) iqulethe inani lezongezo . Sele uyazi malunga ne-nitrites ezingezizo, ewe, kodwa zonke iibhekoni eziphiliswe ngamanzi kufuneka ziqulathe i-ascorbate okanye i-sodium erythorbate; imichiza ekhawulezisa impendulo phakathi kwe-nitrites kunye nenyama, ukunciphisa ukubunjwa kwe-nitrosamines.
IiNitrosamines zizinto ezinokubangela umdlavuza ezibonakala xa udibanisa ii-nitrites kunye neeproteni ezaphukileyo ngokwendalo (ezaziwa njenge 'amines') - kwaye nangona zihlala zibonakala ngesixa esincinci, bambalwa ubhekeni onawo, ungcono. NgokweSebe lezoLimo, izinto ezinokuthi zibe nefuthe kumanqanaba e-nitrosamines kwibhekoni yakho zibandakanya isixa se-nitrite esongezwe ngexesha lokulungisa, izithako ezisetyenziselwa ukulungiswa, iimeko zokugcina, iindlela zokupheka , kunye nokuninzi. Nangona i-ascorbate kunye ne-sodium erythorbate inokubonakala ngathi ziikhemikhali ezimbi, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni iziphumo ezinobungozi ze-nitrites.
Ukuphilisa ubhekeni emanzini kubandakanya ukongeza iswekile kunye netyuwa. Ityuwa kwinkqubo yokunyanga ithintela ukukhula kwebhakteria ngokunciphisa ukufuma ekufuneka ibacteria ikhule, ngelixa iswekile ihlala isongezwa ukunciphisa incasa erhabaxa yetyuwa.
Ngaba ibhakoni ayilunganga kuwe?
Ke, nanku umbuzo: ngaba ibhakoni ayilunganga kuwe? Ewe, ewe-kwaye hayi.
Ngoku ka Unyango lwezempilo , i-bacon iqulethe i-50 yeepesenti ye-monounsaturated fat (ikakhulu i-oleic acid), iipesenti ezingama-40 ezityebileyo, i-10 yeepesenti ye-polyunsaturated fat kunye 'nexabiso elifanelekileyo' le-cholesterol. Uninzi lwale ayisiyongxaki kangako, kwaye i-asidi ye-oleic ithathwa njengenyama 'esempilweni'. Ngelishwa, amafutha agcweleyo ayingozi, kwaye anokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Oku akuyiyo into eqinisekileyo, nangona kunjalo, kwaye ubungakanani obuncinci benkonzo yebhekoni buthetha ukuba - ukuba nje uhlala indlela yokuphila esempilweni- amanqatha agcweleyo aqulathayo ngekhe akubangele ngxaki.
Bacon iqulethe inani lezondlo ezisempilweni. Icandelo eliqhelekileyo le-3.5 ounce, umzekelo, iqulethe i-37 gram yeprotein, iivithamini B1, B2, B3, B5, B6 kunye ne-B12, kunye ne-iron, i-magnesium, i-zinc kunye ne-potassium. Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi zondlo zikhona nakwezinye, ezincinci zenyama kunye nemveliso yehagu.
Okokugqibela, kukho ityuwa. Ngenxa yokuba ityuwa isetyenziselwa ukunyanga owomileyo kunye nokuphilisa okumanzi, zonke iibhekoni ziphezulu kumxholo wetyuwa. Yitya ityuwa eninzi, kwaye uzibeka emngciphekweni womhlaza wesisu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nesifo sentliziyo esinokubakho-ngakumbi ukuba awuthethi ngetyuwa.
Ibhekoni yenziwa kusetyenziswa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zehagu
Ayilulo nje uhlobo lokunyanga oluchaphazela indlela i-bacon ejika ngayo, nangona kunjalo. Ngapha koko, zikho ezininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhekoni , ezahluka ngokuxhomekeka kunqunyulwe inyama esetyenzisiweyo kunye nendlela eboniswa ngayo. ISebe lezoLimo laseMelika lichaza ibhekoni 'njengesisu esinyangiweyo sesidumbu sehagu,' kodwa kwi-bacon yase-U.S yenziwa ngokwesiko lomqolo wengulube, kungenjalo yaziwa njenge-loin. Olu hlobo kunzima ukufumana i-stateide, kodwa ihlala ibizwa ngokuba yi-'bacon bacon '.
I-bacon yakho esemgangathweni yase-US ibonwa kwangoko: sisisu sengulube enemithambo yenyama epinki kunye namanqatha amhlophe, usike unqumle ube ngamacwecwe amade amxinwa. Unayo i-pancetta, inguqulelo yase-Italiya ye-bacon ene-streaky. Iphinde yenziwa esiswini sehagu, lo mahluko uyasongwa usikwe kwisangqa esibhityileyo. Kukho Bacon yaseCanada, ethi, njengebhekoni yaseBritani, yenziwe ngenyama yehagu. Olu hlobo lwebhekoni luyaphekwa kwaye luyatshaywa, kwaye luhlala lukhangeleka kwaye luthandwa kancinci njengeham.
I-slab bacon yiyo isiqwenga esinye sebhekoni ngomqolo oshiyekileyo, ngelixa i-fatback sisilayi samanqatha asikiweyo esinqeni kwaye asetyenziswa njengesinqumelo okanye asikwe abe yimigca yokusongelwa ngerosi ezijiyileyo. E-Hungary nase-Jamani, unokufumana into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Gypsy bacon, isilebhu sebhekoni egcadiweyo, enongwe nge-paprika kunye nokusikwa kwiziqwenga.
Ayizizo zonke 'iibhekoni' ezivela kwiihagu
Nangona iSebe lezoLimo linokuba yinto yokuncamathela ekuchazeni ibhakoni njengesisu sehagu, ezinye iinkampani zikulungele ukuba nenkululeko ethe kratya ngeli xesha. Ngenxa yoko, unokufumana lonke iqela lezinto ezingezizo ezenyama yehagu ngaphandle apho.
Thatha iSchmacon, umzekelo. Ngaphandle kokujongeka kufana kakhulu nebhekoni yokwenyani, lo mahluko wenziwe ngokwenkomo. Unokufumana i-D'Artagnan Uncured, uhlobo lwedada ebhemayo-inyangelwe umgubo weseleri, njenge 'bacon engafakwanga' - leyo Crispy eyongezelelweyo Chaza njengokubonisa 'ityuwa encinci kunye namanqatha amnandi ekuqaleni, umgangatho olungileyo wamazinyo enyameni, emva koko ukubetha okukhulu kunencasa yedada emva komva.'
I-bacon yaseTurkey yinto eqhelekileyo, ewe, ngelixa utshaya i-salmon bacon (njengoko unokufumana kuyo Umrhwebi uJoe luthe kratya kancinci eludongeni. Kuvavanyo lwabo lokungcamla, Crispy eyongezelelweyo Chaza i-bacon ye-salmon ye-Trader 'njenge nyama' ngokumangalisayo, 'kunye' nomsi omnandi, kunye nencasa yesalmon engathandabuzekiyo. ' Ukutshaya ukutshaya, okwangoku, kuhlawulwa njenge 'bacon yolwandle' eyenziwe kwimifuno yaselwandle yasendle efanayo, ngeendlela ezininzi, ukunceda. Ewe, ulwandle olungaqhelekanga alukho kuphela kwendlela yokukhetha abalandeli be-bacon bacon. Enkosi Thixo.
Ayizizo zonke iihagu ezenza ubhekeni
Ngokwesiko, iihagu ziye zahlelwa enye yeendlela ezimbini: iihagu zehagu okanye iihagu zebhekoni. Unokuqikelela ukuba yeyiphi efanelekileyo ngakumbi, apha.
Ngokucacileyo, iintlobo zeentaka zazisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa isinqumelo, kwaye zazithanda ukuba zingqindilili kwaye zibe mfutshane kunezinye iihagu. Banokutyebiswa ngokukhawuleza ngokutya ukutya okumbona okulungileyo, okwakubonwa njengomgangatho onqwenelekayo weehagu- ngakumbi ukuba ulandela ukusikwa komgangatho wehagu. Okwangoku, iihagu zebhekoni zazibhityile kwaye zinemisipha, zityiswa ukutya kwembotyi, iinkozo, iitheniphu kunye neemveliso zobisi. Zithwele iiprotein, ezi hagu zingakhula izihlunu ngakumbi kunezinye iintlobo, zizenze zilungele imveliso yebhekoni.
Phambi kweMfazwe yesibini (II) yeHlabathi, ekuphela kweentlobo zehagu ezazingengawo amafutha ehagu yayiziihagu zaseYorkshire naseTamworth. Namhlanje, nangona kunjalo, iihagu zebhekoni zisasazeke kakhulu-eneneni, zintathu kuphela iintlobo zehagu zemveli ezisaseleyo: iChoctaw, iGuinea Hog, kunye neMulefoot. Iintlobo zebacon ezaziwa kakhulu, okwangoku, ziintlobo zeDuroc, Hampshire, kunye neYorkshire, ezintathu zazo zixhasa kakhulu ishishini lehagu. Uninzi lwezinye iintlobo ziye zancipha kubemi, ezinye - ezifana neMulefoot - Ukuntywila kumda wokuphela .
Ezinye iibhekoni zenziwe ngeehagu ezisimahla
Njengakwimeko yezilwanyana ezininzi ezifuyelwe ukutyiwa, ezinye iihagu ziphila ubomi obunzima phambi kokuba zixhelwe inyama yazo. Kwezinye iifama zehagu, iihagu zikhuliswa ngokuzalisa Oko kuthetha ukuba banxitywe kwikreyithi yokukhulelwa kwaye bahlala kwimijikelezo emininzi yokukhulelwa de, ekugqibeleni, baxhelwe. Amantshontsho eehagu azalwa zezi hagu ngamanye amaxesha aye avalelwe ezibayeni zekhonkrithi kwaye atyebiswe ade afikelele kubunzima bemakethi. Baye bathathwe ke baxhelwe.
Ewe kunjalo, ayisiyiyo indlela esebenza ngayo kuzo zonke iifama zehagu- kukho indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba i-bacon yakho ivela kwindawo eyonwabileyo.
Yondla iihagu phila ubomi obungcono kakhulu . Ezi hagu zivunyelwe ukuba zihlale kwindawo evulekileyo, ekhululekileyo, kwaye zinako ingca yokutya okanye yokutya kumxholo weentliziyo zabo. Kwaye ayizizo iihagu kuphela eziphelela ukonwaba ngokulima emadlelweni - uvuna izibonelelo, nazo. Ezi hagu mancinci amathuba okuba ziqulathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye neehomoni ezondliwa ngokunyanisekileyo iihagu ezondliwayo, kwaye zikhuliswa zikwimo esempilweni, nococeko ngakumbi.
Lumka nje kunye nebhekoni evela kwiihagu 'zasimahla', kuba oku kunokuthetha kuphela amanyathelo asezantsi athathiweyo ukufezekisa loo nkcazo. Ihagu ephakanyiswe eshedini epakishwe ngomnyango kwelinye icala ayiyiyo ihagu eyonwabileyo, kodwa kuya kufuneka ubuze imibuzo ukuze ufumanise ukuba ufumana ntoni.
Imifuno inokwenza i-bacon, nayo
Ke uyenza njani i-veggie (okanye i-vegan) bacon? Ewe, iindaba ezimnandi zezi, zilula- kwaye ungayenza ngento entle kakhulu. Indlela ilula: kuqala, khetha isithako sakho sokuqala. Owu imifuno yam cebisa ukuba ukhethe isithako esaneleyo njengokwesiseko sakho, kunye nama-mushroom, i-tofu, i-tempeh, i-chickpeas, ikhokhonathi, iminqathe kunye ne-eggplant konke kufanelekile.
Emva koko, wenza i-marinade. Imiba yokutshaya incasa yakho yebhekoni, ufuna ukusebenzisa umsi wamanzi okanye ukutshaya ipaprika (okanye zombini). Iityuwa ezinetyiwa kunye nezinencasa zinokongezwa nge-soy sauce, i-tamari, okanye i-amino engamanzi. Amanqaku amuncu aya kuza nembeko yeviniga, kukhethwe iapile cider okanye umhlophe. Kwaye okokugqibela, izinto ezimnandi zencasa zinokungeniswa ngesiraphu yemephu, i-agave, iswekile, okanye iswekile emdaka. Eyona marinade intle, uya kufuna ukudibanisa zonke ezi zinto; Owu imifuno yam iphakamisa inxenye yomsi, iinxalenye ezintathu ziswiti, iinxalenye ezine zimuncu, kwaye iinxalenye ezine zinencasa kwaye zinetyuwa.
Emva koko, uhlamba isithako sakho esisisiseko-ngokukhethekileyo ukuya kwiiyure ezili-12, kwifriji. Okukhona uqhubeka ucwina, kokukhona kuya kubakho ngakumbi incasa. Okokugqibela, upheka 'ibhekoni' yakho, ngokukhethekileyo kwisitayile esifanelekileyo kwisiseko sakho. Bhaka i-tofu, isitshalo seqanda se-pan-fry okanye i-tempeh, okanye ucoce amakhowa akho okanye iminqathe. Et voilà: 'ibhekoni' emnandi kunye nayo yonke incasa kwaye akukho nanye yehagu efileyo. Yintoni ongayithandiyo?
