Inyama yenkomo ididekile wagaleleka kwimarike yamashwamshwam kanye xa i-millennials yayiqala ukukhathazeka ngeeprotein eziphezulu, ukutya okune-carb ephantsi. Ukutya kwisilayi senyama yenkomo kwabavumela ukuba babe yinxalenye yesizwe sokutya: paleo, ezi , Iyonke engama-30 njl. Ngo-2018, Isiseko seBhunga loLwazi lwezoKutya Uphononongo lubonise ukuba inani labantu abalandela ukutya bekuphindaphindwe kabini ukusuka kwi-14 ukuya kwi-36 yeepesenti ngonyaka, kwaye koku, iipesenti ezintlanu bezincamathele kukutya okune-carb ephantsi.
Inyama yenkomo ijijekile, ephathekayo, engenabungozi, etyebile ngeprotein, kwaye efikeleleka ngokulula- kungaba kwivenkile efanelekileyo okanye kwivenkile enkulu- yaba lukhetho oluphezulu . Umzi mveliso wenyama ubonakalise ukukhula okungaguquguqukiyo kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo kwaye, ukusukela nge-Matshi 2020, kufanelekile $ 1.4 yezigidigidi .
Olunye uphando lwe-2019 lufumene oko Iipesenti ezingama-70 zemileniyam Ehlabathini lonke bakhetha ukutya amashwamshwam ngaphandle kokutya izidlo ezisisikwere ezintathu yonke imihla, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, bayokutya amashwamshwam azokuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo zesondlo. Inyama yenkomo ihambelana nebill kwinto eninzi. Nangona kuthathwe njenge-snack yokusetyenziswa kwetyala ngaphandle kwetyala, kukho ezinye izifundo eziqinisekisiweyo ezibonisa ukuba isenokungabi yeyona ntlanzi isempilweni eshelfini. Le yinyaniso emnyama emva kwenkomo yenkomo.
endaweni yobisi olujiyileyo ekubhakeni
Inyama yenkomo inokuchaphazela impilo yakho yengqondo
Ukuya ku-2018 ukufunda NguJohns Hopkins amayeza afumene unxibelelwano olomeleleyo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kokutya okusetyenzisiweyo njengenkomo yenkomo, isalami, kunye izinja ezishushu nge-mania, ethi 'ibonakaliswe kukungasebenzi kakuhle, uvuyo kunye nokuphulukana nokulala,' ngokophando. Abaphandi bathi unobangela weziqendu ze-manic zii-nitrate ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga (ukugcina) inyama. Olu pho nonongo luye lwaveza ukuba 'abantu ababhedlele esibhedlele se-mania babenezihlandlo ezingaphezu kwesithathu zokutya i-nitrate- wanyanga inyama kunabantu abangenayo imbali yesifo sengqondo esinzulu. '
Inkqubo yokuphilisa inyama linyathelo lokuqala ekwenzeni inyama yenkomo inyibilike. Ukujonga inyama uphilile Kubalulekile ukuba i-nitrate yesodiyam okanye i-nitrite yesodium eqhelekileyo yongezwa. Isodium nitrite inoxanduva lokungafani okwahlukileyo kunye nombala wenkomo yenkomo kwaye ikwathintela ibhaktheriya.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane indawo engenayo i-nitrate yendawo oyithandayo yenkomo? Ngoku ka IWashington Post , ezinye iintlobo zeejezi zibhalwe ngathi ziqukethe 'akukho nitrites' okanye 'akukho nitrate zongezwa,' kodwa oko kuthetha ukuba isodium nitrite / nitrate khange isetyenziswe njenge izongezo kwimveliso. Iimpawu zinokuba zisasetyenzisile umgubo we-celery okanye ijusi yeseleri, etyebileyo ngokwemvelo kwii-nitrate, ekhokelela ekusetyenzisweni kwenani elifanayo leenitrogen.
Inyama yenkomo idityaniswe nomhlaza
Ngo-2015, i iarhente yomhlaza yoMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi (i-WHO) ipapashe ingxelo ebhengeze inyama eqhubekileyo yomhlaza ebantwini. Ngokwengxelo, ukutya iigram ezingama-50 zenyama egqityiweyo yonke imihla kuphakamisa umngcipheko womhlaza obomvu ngeepesenti ezili-18. Olu hlobo lomhlaza lolwesibini olukhokelela ekubhubheni komhlaza kubantu abadala eUnited States kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba luxanduva lokufa kwabantu abangama-53,200 ngonyaka ka-2020 kuphela, Umanyano loMhlaza weColorectal . I-ounce enye yenkomo yenkomo inobunzima malunga Iigrama ezingama-28 , ke ukutya nokuba kungaphezulu kwesibini kunokubangela inkxalabo.
Nangona kunjalo, a Isifundo se-2020 yiYunivesithi yaseKumkanikazi iBelfast yabuza ukuhlelwa kwengubo yeWHO kuyo yonke into eyenziwe ngayo njenge-carcinogenic. Abaphandi bacebisa ukuba yayiyinyama eyenziweyo kuphela eyayisebenzisa i-nitrate yesodiyamu ebonisa unxibelelwano olomeleleyo nomhlaza ongalunganga. Ngelishwa, nangona kunjalo, ayizukuhlala kakuhle inyama yenkomo ngaphandle kwee-nitrate, akukho jerky.
Ukongeza ekuthinteleni ii-nitrate / i-nitrites, uphononongo luveze ukuba kuya kuba bubulumko ukungadli ngaphezulu kwe-70 yeigram (malunga nee-ounces ezi-2.5) zenyama ebomvu okanye esele yenziwe ngosuku, 'elingana nesiqwenga inyama yenkomo malunga nobungakanani bepakethi yamakhadi 'okanye' inyama yenkomo yekota burger Ngokutsho kwe Isiseko seBritish Nutrition .
Inyama yenkomo iyancipha kwihlathi laseAmazon
Kunzima ukuqonda ukuba inyama yokutya eyomileyo inokuba noxanduva lokutshintsha kwemozulu. Kodwa, njengayo yonke into, kukho isiphumo esibi xa uthenga iipakethe zenyama yenkomo. Ngokwe-Big John's Beef Jerky (nge Ukutya ), kuthatha i-2.5 yeepawundi yenkomo ukwenza iponti enye yenkomo yenkomo. I-Union of Concerned Scientists, umbutho ongenzi nzuzo, utyhile kwi-2016 ukufunda Inyama yenkomo inegalelo kakhulu ekutshatyalalisweni kwamahlathi akweleenjiko, ingakumbi eMzantsi Merika, njengoko amahlathi etshatyalaliswa ukuze kuvuleke amadlelo enkomo. UMgcini kuxelwe ngo-2019 ukuba 'amawaka eehektare zeAmazon [ayagaywa] minyaka le ukuze kubonelelwe ngeenyama kurhwebo lwehlabathi.'
yintoni esefry mcdonald's
Ngama-acreage ongezelelweyo okukhulisa imfuyo kukho nesidingo sokusebenzisa umhlaba omninzi ukukhulisa ukutya, njenge-soya, kwizilwanyana, oko kunegalelo ekutshatyalalisweni kwamahlathi. Inyama yenkomo ephakanyiswe ngale ndlela, ibizwa ngokuba 'kukugawulwa kwemfuyo,' sele ingene eMelika 'ngohlobo lwenyama yenkomo, njengenkomo yenkomo,' yatsho ingxelo.
Ngokophando olwenziwe liZiko leMithombo yeHlabathi (nge Imozulu eseMbindini ), 'Inyama yenkomo ayisebenzi ngokwaneleyo ukuvelisa kuba yi-1% kuphela yenkomo etyiwayo eguqulwayo ibe ziikhalori ezityiwa ngabantu kukutya inyama yenkomo.' Kwicandelo ngalinye leprotein ebonelelweyo, ivelisa ukukhutshwa kwendlu eluhlaza kwaye isebenzisa amanzi nomhlaba ongaphezulu kunako nakuphi na okunye ukutya 'okuqhelekileyo okutyiwa.'
Awungekhe uphile ixesha elide ukuba utya inyama yenkomo
Ngokomndilili, umMelika utya ii-servings ezintlanu, okanye ii-ounces ezili-17, zenyama ebomvu neyenziweyo ngeveki, ngokwe Ezempilo zeHarvard . 'Oku kuyothusa ngakumbi, kuba uphando lwakutsha nje lubonisa ukutya i-3 1/2 ngaphezulu kokunikezelwa kwenyama ngeveki kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko wokufa,' icacisa inqaku le-2019.
Uphando lupapashwe kwi I-BMJ kutyhilwe ukuba bukhona ubungqina obaneleyo bokucebisa ukuba inyama ephezulu eqhutyiweyo (njengenkomo yenkomo) ukusetyenziswa kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo wohlobo lweswekile yesi-2, isifo sentliziyo, umhlaza, kunye nokufa. Inyama eyenziweyo ihlala inamafutha agcweleyo, ii-carcinogens, isodiyam, kunye nezinto ezisigcinayo, ezinefuthe elibi kwimpilo yakho.
Ukwehla kokusetyenziswa kwenyama ebomvu kunye nokonyuka ngaxeshanye kwezinye iindlela ezisempilweni ngokuhamba kwexesha kunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko wokufa kwabantu, ngokokutsho kwesifundo. Inkqubo ye- Izikhokelo zokutya kwabaseMelika 2015-2020 icebisa ukutya ukutya kwaselwandle imifuno, amandongomane , kunye nembewu yeprotheni.
Inyama yenkomo ilayishwe nge-sodium
Isodium ibalulekile ukugcina ulungelelwaniso lomzimba wakho kunye nokugcina ukusebenza kwemisipha, kodwa awuyidingi kakhulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto United States Isebe lezoLimo (USDA) icebisa ukuba kungabikho ngaphezulu kwe-2,300 milligrams yesodium (icephe enye) ngosuku. Ukugcina lo mda kunokuba ngumceli mngeni xa ukutya okucutshungulwayo okunje ngenkomo ziyinxalenye yokutya kwakho kwemihla ngemihla. I-ounce enye yenkomo yenkomo iqulethe i-milligrams ezingama-590 ze-sodium-leyo ngama-25 eepesenti zengcebiso zemihla ngemihla.
'Xa kukho isodiyam eyongezelelweyo kwigazi lakho, itsala amanzi kwimithambo yakho yegazi, inyusa inani elipheleleyo (ivolumu) yegazi ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi,' ucacisile uMbutho weNtliziyo yaseMelika. 'Ngokuhamba kwegazi elininzi kwimithambo yegazi, uxinzelelo lwegazi luyonyuka.' Kwaye abantu abanexinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi kunokwenzeka ukuba bahlakulele isifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha. Ngokombutho, i-2,300 milligrams lelona xabiso liphezulu lesodiyam ekufuneka uyisebenzise yonke imihla, kodwa owona mda zii-milligram ezili-1,500 kuphela.
Inyama yenkomo inokunyusa i-cholesterol yakho
Njengolwazi oluqhelekileyo, inqanaba eliphezulu le-cholesterol ayilunganga entliziyweni yakho. Kukhokelela kwifayile ye- ukuyilwa kwepleyiti enamathela kwiindonga zemithambo yakho kwaye kwezinye iimeko ezigabadeleyo, ibhloke- ekugqibeleni ikhokelele ekuhlaselweni yintliziyo. Okonyusa inqanaba lecholesterol egazini lakho kukuzalisa okanye 'ukungalunganga' kwamafutha, aphezulu kwezinye iinyama, iimveliso zobisi, ukutya okuqhotsiweyo, kunye nokutya okwenziweyo, kubandakanya inyama yenkomo.
Umzekelo, ukanti inyama yenkomo ibe nye iqulethe i-3.1 gram yeoli egcweleyo. Ngokwe American Heart Association, umda ocetyiswayo wemihla ngemihla wokutya okunamafutha amaninzi ziigrama ezili-13. Ukucaphula isifundo sikaJama seNgaphakathi, INew York Times Ucacise ukuba ngokutshintsha nje iipesenti ezintlanu zeekhalori oqhele ukuzifumana kumanqatha ezilwanyana ngamafutha e-polyunsaturated, njengeentlanzi kunye nama-walnuts, ungawunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa kwakho ngama-27 epesenti!
Inyama yenkomo inegalelo kumngcipheko wezifo zokutya
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, amaziko anjenge Iindleko zezabelo Whittington's Jerky, Inc. kwaye ICentral Valley Meat Co. Baye bakhumbula inyama yabo yenkomo, becaphula ukungcoliseka okunokubakho ngeSalmonella bacteria, ebangela oko isigulo esiziswa kukutya eUnited States minyaka le. I-Salmonella inokuphila kwinkomo ukuba ayiphekwanga kubushushu obuphantsi kwe-160 degrees Fahrenheit, ngokwe United States Isebe lezoLimo (USDA).
Eyona nto imbi nangakumbi kukufaka intsholongwane, nangona kunjalo, kukufaka intsholongwane enganyangekiyo ngamachiza. Iminyaka, iicancers bezisebenzisa ii-antibiotics ukwenza izilwanyana zikhule ngokukhawuleza kwaye zikhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-2017, i-FDA yangenelela yathintela ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics ukukhuthaza ukukhula, INew York Times ixelwe. Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwee-antibiotics kunokuvelisa iibhaktheriya ezinganyangekiyo ngamachiza, ezinokudluliselwa ebantwini ngenyama eluhlaza okanye engaphekwanga. Ngaphandle kokuvalwa, iingcali ziveze 'indawo enkulu evulekileyo' evumela amafama ukuba athenge amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngokuchaza nje ukuba asetyenziselwa ukuthintela izifo endaweni yokukhuthaza ukukhula.
U-Avinash Kar, igqwetha eliphezulu kwiBhunga lezoKhuseleko kwiNdalo, uxelele ukupapashwa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-70 zezibulala-ntsholongwane eziveliswe kwizifo zabantu ziya kwimfuyo. Inyama eboshwe ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane ezinganyangekiyo ngamachiza emva koko zityiwa ngabantu zikhokelela kwiziphumo eziyingozi, ngokwenqaku.
ukupheka ngeoli yeoli
Iintengiso zeenkomo zeenkomo zinokuchaphazela kakubi ukutya kwamadoda
Umtshutshisi weVegan uCarol J. Adams ucacisiwe indawo yakhe iindlela ezininzi zokupapashwa kwenkomo njengemveliso 'yendoda', ecaphula i-bouquet yenkomo edliwayo kukhuthazwa njengesipho soSuku lweValentine yindoda. Ucacisile, '[ezopolitiko] zenyama yenyama zichazwe kwizinto ezintsha ezinenjongo yokuqinisekisa ukuba amadoda ayitya inyama.' Kwixesha elidlulileyo, iimveliso zenyama yenkomo ziye zayinyusa iimveliso ukubhenela emadodeni, njengokutya okulula okulula okufumene okufanayo Iindlela zokuthengisa , ukongeza kwiingcamango ezakhiwe ngokwentlalo malunga nobudoda kunye nokutya.
IWashington Post Ucacise ukuba 'sihlala sihlaselwa zizibhengezo zentengiso kunye nemiyalezo yentlalo esixelela ukuba ukutya njengentaka kunye nokutya kwisaladi kungumfazi, ngelixa ukutya izixa ezikhulu kunye nenyama ebomvu ebomvu kuyindoda.' Kwaye oku kunokupela ingxaki, ngakumbi emadodeni. 'Umntu unokwenza ukutya okungenampilo ngokuzama ukuba ngamadoda ngakumbi - utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha enokuba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo,' WaPo kutyhilwe. Oku kungachaza ngokuyinxenye ukuba kutheni amadoda esengozini ephezulu yesifo sentliziyo kunye nomhlaza.
